Brahma Purana — Apsaroyugam Tirtha: The Confluence that Grants Worldly Enjoyment and Liberation, Shloka 17

Devanagari script

प्रतीपाचरणं दृष्ट्वा क्रोधः कस्य न जायते निस्पृहो ऽपि महाबाहुस् तम् इन्द्रं प्रहसन्न् इव //

Translation

此第17颂被记为古老《往世书》中的神圣言教，宜于礼敬与研习。

Word by Word

• pratīpa-ācaraṇam: hostile conduct
• pratīpa-ācaraṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pratīpa (प्रातिपदिक) + ācaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष-समासः (pratīpaṃ ācaraṇam = hostile conduct)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त), indeclinable verbal form; ‘having seen’

• krodhaḥ: anger
• krodhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kasya: of whom
• kasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)

• jāyate: arises/is born
• jāyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• nispṛhaḥ: desireless
• nispṛhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niḥspṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying indraḥ

• api: even
• api: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (समुच्चय/अपि) = ‘even/also’

• mahā-bāhuḥ: the mighty-armed one
• mahā-bāhuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि-समासः (one whose arms are great)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• indram: Indra
• indram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• prahasan: laughing
• prahasan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-has (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ/वर्तमानकृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agreeing with mahābāhuḥ

• iva: as if
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Simile particle (उपमा-अव्यय)

Speaker

• Narrator; focusing on Viśvāmitra’s stance toward Indra