मन्वन्तर-क्रमः (अतीत-सप्तमन्वन्तराः) तथा मन्वन्तरावताराः
आप्याः प्रसूता भव्याश् च पृथुगाश् च दिवौकसः महानुभावा लेखाश् च पञ्चैते ह्य् अष्टका गणाः
āpyāḥ prasūtā bhavyāś ca pṛthugāś ca divaukasaḥ mahānubhāvā lekhāś ca pañcaite hy aṣṭakā gaṇāḥ
Āpyā, Prasūtā, Bhavyā, Pṛthugā và Divaukasa—cùng với Mahānubhāva và Lekhā—năm nhóm ấy quả thật được kể vào các chúng Aṣṭakā.
Sage Parāśara (speaking to Maitreya)
They are a structured set of celestial groupings named and counted to show that the universe runs through ordered classes and cycles, reflecting dharma and cosmic administration under the Supreme Lord’s sovereignty.
Parāśara teaches by enumeration—listing distinct gaṇas such as Āpyā, Prasūtā, and others—so Maitreya can understand the cosmos as a disciplined hierarchy rather than a random collection of beings.
Even when Vishnu is not named in the verse, the Purāṇic framework assumes these ordered hosts function within Vishnu’s supreme governance, expressing a cosmos sustained by a single highest reality.