Shloka 3

Jabali Bound by the Monkey — Jabali Bound by the Monkey: Nandayanti’s Ordeal and the Yamuna–Hiranyavati Sacred Corridor

Devanagari script

वनं घोरं सुगुल्माढ्यं नदीं शालूकिनीमनु शाक्वेयं पर्वतश्रेष्ठं समावसति सुन्दरि

Transliteration

vanaṃ ghoraṃ sugulmāḍhyaṃ nadīṃ śālūkinīmanu śākveyaṃ parvataśreṣṭhaṃ samāvasati sundari

Translation

Hỡi người thiếu nữ xinh đẹp, ông cư trú trên ngọn núi tối thắng tên Śākveya, dọc theo dòng sông Śālūkinī, trong khu rừng ghê rợn rậm rạp bụi cây.

Word by Word

• vanam: forest
• vanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• ghoram: terrible
• ghoram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (vanam)

• su-gulma-āḍhyam: abounding in good shrubs
• su-gulma-āḍhyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + gulma + āḍhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष/उपपद-समास (सु-गुल्मैः आढ्यम् = rich in fine shrubs)

• nadīm: river
• nadīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nadī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• śālūkinīm: Śālūkinī (river)
• śālūkinīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śālūkinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; नदी-नाम

• anu: along/near
• anu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anu (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: अव्यय; उपसर्गसदृश/संबन्धबोधक (preposition: along/near)

• śākveyam: Śākveya (named/related)
• śākveyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śākveya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (parvataśreṣṭham)

• parvata-śreṣṭham: the best of mountains
• parvata-śreṣṭham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (पर्वतानां श्रेष्ठः)

• samāvasati: dwells/inhabits
• samāvasati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + ā + vas (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• sundari: O beautiful one
• sundari: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sundarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrator addressing a female interlocutor (‘sundari’) within the dialogue frame (exact names not provided in input)

Key Themes

• Tīrtha-topography: locating an episode by river and mountain
• Forest as ascetic/exile landscape
• Myth mapped onto named hydronyms and oronyms

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Why does the verse emphasize forest density and dread (ghora, sugulmāḍhya)?

Such descriptors mark the site as a liminal wilderness—appropriate for exile, penance, or cursed existence—while also giving a recognizable ecological signature to the sacred geography being mapped.

Is Śālūkinī a known river outside this passage?

Some Purāṇic hydronyms are local or regionally transmitted names. Even when not widely identifiable today, the text treats Śālūkinī as a concrete river-marker anchoring the narrative to a specific pilgrimage landscape.

What does ‘anu nadīm’ contribute to the geography?

‘Anu’ indicates proximity and alignment—dwelling ‘along’ the river’s course/bank—typical of tīrtha descriptions where sanctity and habitation cluster near water.