Shloka 51

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

यद् यदिष्टतमं किञ्चिद् यच्चास्य दयितं गृहे तत्तद् गुणवते देयं तदेवाक्षयमिच्छता

Transliteration

yad yadiṣṭatamaṃ kiñcid yaccāsya dayitaṃ gṛhe tattad guṇavate deyaṃ tadevākṣayamicchatā

Translation

Bất cứ điều gì một người ưa muốn nhất, và bất cứ vật gì thân thiết với người ấy trong gia thất—người cầu công đức bất hoại (akṣaya) phải đem chính điều ấy mà bố thí cho bậc xứng đáng.

Word by Word

• yat: whatever
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.), सर्वनाम

• yat: whatever
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन, पुनरुक्ति (correlative)

• iṣṭa-tamam: most desired
• iṣṭa-tamam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: iṣṭa + tama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारय (iṣṭa-tama = most desired)

• kiñcit: anything/something
• kiñcit: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; अनिश्चितवाचक (indefinite)

• yat: and whatever
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन, सर्वनाम

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• asya: of him
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचन (Gen. sg.)

• dayitam: beloved (thing)
• dayitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dayita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.)

• gṛhe: in the house
• gṛhe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन (Loc. sg.)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; तद्-शब्द (correlative)

• tat: that (very)
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति

• guṇavate: to the virtuous (person)
• guṇavate: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: guṇavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc.), चतुर्थी एकवचन (Dat. sg.), विशेषण (to a virtuous person)

• deyam: should be given
• deyam: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √dā (धातु) + deya (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्/तव्यत्-समर्थ (gerundive sense), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.), विधेय

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Avadharana (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (emphasis/only)

• akṣayam: imperishable
• akṣayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: akṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.), कर्म-विशेषण

• icchatā: by one desiring
• icchatā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √iṣ (धातु) + icchat (कृदन्त)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masc.), तृतीया एकवचन (Instr. sg.)—कर्तृवाचक (by one who desires)

Speakers

• Not specified in input (often framed as Pulastya → Nārada in Vāmana Purāṇa narrative layers)

Key Themes

• Dāna (charity)
• Ethics/Ācāra
• Merit (puṇya) and akṣaya-phala

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

True charity is measured by sacrifice: giving what one values most. Directing such gifts to a guṇavat (morally qualified recipient) is said to yield akṣaya (inexhaustible) merit.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Primarily aligns with Ācāra/Dharma instruction within Purāṇic teaching; secondarily supports Vamśānucarita contexts by defining kingly and household virtue, though no genealogy is explicit here.

What is the symbolic significance?

The ‘dearest possession’ symbolizes ego-attachment; relinquishing it indicates inner non-possessiveness (aparigraha-like restraint), transforming material giving into spiritual purification.