Shloka 44

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

विषोद्बन्धनशस्त्राम्बुवह्निपातमृतेषु च बाले प्रव्राजि संन्यासे देशान्तरमृते तथा

Transliteration

viṣodbandhanaśastrāmbuvahnipātamṛteṣu ca bāle pravrāji saṃnyāse deśāntaramṛte tathā

Translation

Và (cũng có những quy định đặc biệt) trong các trường hợp người chết vì trúng độc, vì treo cổ/bị siết cổ, vì vũ khí, vì nước (chết đuối), vì lửa, hoặc vì ngã rơi; cũng vậy trong trường hợp trẻ nhỏ, người xuất gia du phương (pravrājaka/saṃnyāsin), và người chết nơi đất khách.

Word by Word

• viṣa-udbandhana-śastra-ambu-vahni-pāta-mṛteṣu: in deaths due to poison, hanging, weapons, water, fire, or falling
• viṣa-udbandhana-śastra-ambu-vahni-pāta-mṛteṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + udbandhana (प्रातिपदिक) + śastra (प्रातिपदिक) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + vahni (प्रातिपदिक) + pāta (प्रातिपदिक) + mṛta (कृदन्त, √mṛ)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter collective sense, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; समाहार-द्वन्द्वसमासः (enumerative collective) with final member mṛta; ‘in the cases of deaths due to …’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• bāle: in (the case of) a child
• bāle: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in the case of a child’

• pravrāji: in (the case of) a wandering mendicant
• pravrāji: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pravrājin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in the case of a wandering ascetic’

• saṃnyāse: in renunciation
• saṃnyāse: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃnyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in (formal) renunciation’

• deśa-antara-mṛte: in the case of one who died in a foreign place
• deśa-antara-mṛte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deśa (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक) + mṛta (कृदन्त, √mṛ)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: deśāntare mṛtaḥ ‘one who died in another country/place’ (locative used for ‘in the case of…’)

• tathā: likewise/so too
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

Speakers

• Narrative layer not specified in input (often Pulastya → Nārada in Vāmana Purāṇa); speaker uncertain here

Key Themes

• Vrata/Rituals
• Antyeṣṭi (funerary rites)
• Prāyaścitta/exception cases
• Renunciation (Saṃnyāsa)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The tradition recognizes that circumstances of death vary and require compassionate, context-sensitive ritual handling—protecting both the dignity of the deceased and the ritual well-being of the community.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is prescriptive dharma material (procedural exceptions) housed within a purāṇic compilation; it is not part of sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita narration.

What is the symbolic significance?

Listing ‘untimely/violent’ deaths and liminal social identities (child, renunciant, death abroad) marks boundary-cases where ordinary household rites may not map neatly—highlighting dharma’s adaptive application rather than a single rigid template.