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Shloka 19

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

उदक्याश्वाननग्नांश्च सूतिकान्त्यावसायिनः स्पृष्ट्वा स्नायीत शौचार्थं तथैव मृतहारिणः

Transliteration

udakyāśvānanagnāṃśca sūtikāntyāvasāyinaḥ spṛṣṭvā snāyīta śaucārthaṃ tathaiva mṛtahāriṇaḥ

Translation

Sau khi chạm vào người phụ nữ đang hành kinh, ngựa, chó, người khỏa thân, sản phụ, hoặc kẻ bị coi là ngoại giai tầng, nên tắm để giữ sự thanh tịnh; cũng vậy, sau khi chạm vào người mang vác tử thi thì cũng nên tắm.

Word by Word
उदक्याmenstruating women
उदक्या:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootउदक्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन; accusative plural feminine
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; accusative plural masculine
अनग्नान्those without sacred fire
अनग्नान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनग्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; accusative plural masculine; विशेषण—(अग्निहीन)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-निपात; conjunction
सूतिकाa woman in childbirth / puerperal woman
सूतिका:
Sahakari/Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसूतिका (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; instrumental singular feminine
अन्त्याan outcaste/low-born (woman)
अन्त्या:
Sahakari/Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental singular feminine; विशेषण—(अन्त्यजाति/नीच)
अवसायिनःthose who deal with/handle (them)
अवसायिनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअवसायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन; nominative plural masculine
स्पृष्ट्वाhaving touched
स्पृष्ट्वा:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (अव्ययकृदन्त), पूर्वकाल; absolutive/gerund ‘having touched’
स्नायीतshould bathe
स्नायीत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्ना (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; should bathe
शौचार्थम्for purification
शौचार्थम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootशौच + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उद्देश्य/प्रयोजनार्थे—‘for the sake of purity’
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—प्रकारवाचक; adverb ‘thus/in the same way’
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात; emphatic particle
मृतहारिणःthose who carry the dead
मृतहारिणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत + हारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural masculine; ‘dead-body carrier’
Speakers
Pulastya → Nārada (general dharma instruction; verse-level speaker not explicit here)
Key Themes
Vrata/RitualsŚauca (purity rules)Social-religious norms in Purāṇic dharma sections
Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

The verse encodes a ritual hygiene system: contact with certain liminal states (blood, birth, death) triggers bathing as a reintegration into ritual order.

Not pañcalakṣaṇa narrative content; it is dharma-vidhi embedded in the Purāṇa, typical of many Purāṇas that serve as practical religious manuals.

Birth and death are powerful thresholds; bathing symbolizes crossing back from liminality to sacred eligibility (adhikāra) for worship, japa, and domestic rites.

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