Shloka 32

Śiva-Naivedya-Grāhyatā-Nirṇayaḥ

On the Proper Acceptance and Merit of Śiva’s Consecrated Food-Offering

Devanagari script

सांगोपांगमिति प्रोक्तं शिवलिंगप्रपूजनम् । प्रवृत्तानां निवृत्तानां भेदतो द्विविधं द्विजाः

Transliteration

sāṃgopāṃgamiti proktaṃ śivaliṃgaprapūjanam | pravṛttānāṃ nivṛttānāṃ bhedato dvividhaṃ dvijāḥ

Translation

Hỡi các bậc nhị sinh, việc thờ phụng Śiva-liṅga được gọi là “có đủ chi phần và trợ duyên”, tức đầy đủ mọi nghi thức. Theo sự phân biệt, có hai loại: thích hợp cho người theo đạo lộ nhập thế (pravṛtti) và cho người theo đạo lộ xuất ly (nivṛtti).

Word by Word

• sa-aṅga-upāṅgam: with its limbs and sub-limbs
• sa-aṅga-upāṅgam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक) + upāṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvandva (इतरेतर) ‘aṅga-upāṅga’; prefixed by ‘sa-’ = ‘with’; Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; used adverbially as predicate complement

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; वाक्यसमाप्ति/उद्धरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• proktam: is said/declared
• proktam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु) [prokta from pra-√vac] + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kṛdanta PPP (क्त), Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; impersonal passive sense ‘it is said’

• śiva-liṅga-prapūjanam: the thorough worship of Śiva-liṅga
• śiva-liṅga-prapūjanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiva (प्रातिपदिक) + liṅga (प्रातिपदिक) + prapūjana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa chain: ‘śivasya liṅgam’ + ‘tasya prapūjanam’; Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• pravṛttānām: of the active (path-followers)
• pravṛttānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pra-√vṛt (धातु) + kta (कृत्) → pravṛtta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta PPP used substantively; Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; ‘of those engaged in pravṛtti’

• nivṛttānām: of the withdrawn (path-followers)
• nivṛttānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ni-√vṛt (धातु) + kta (कृत्) → nivṛtta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta PPP used substantively; Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; ‘of those withdrawn (nivṛtti)’

• bhedatas: by distinction
• bhedatas: Hetu/Upapatti (हेतु/उपपत्ति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bheda (प्रातिपदिक) + tas (तसिल्)
• Form: Ablatival adverb (तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय) ‘by/according to difference’

• dvi-vidham: twofold
• dvi-vidham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvi (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvigu compound (द्विगु) ‘twofold’; Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective agreeing with ‘(pūjanam)’ understood

• dvijāḥ: O twice-born (Brahmins)
• dvijāḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Shiva Linga

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It frames Śiva-liṅga worship as a complete sādhana with all essential components, and teaches that the same worship supports two orientations—fulfilling dharma and purifying desire for householders (pravṛtti), and leading toward detachment and liberation for renunciants (nivṛtti).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The liṅga is the accessible, saguna focus through which devotees approach Śiva; the verse emphasizes structured, “complete” worship (sāṃgopāṃga) that can mature devotion from outer ritual into inner contemplation, aligning with the Shaiva movement from practice to realization.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

It implies performing liṅga pūjā with its standard auxiliaries—mantra-japa (notably the pañcākṣarī, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), offerings and purification—adapted to one’s stage: more elaborate observance for pravṛtti, and more inward japa/dhyāna-centered worship for nivṛtti.