Shloka 45

Paramātma-Svarūpa-Nirṇaya: Strī–Puṃ–Napuṃsaka-Vicāra

Inquiry into the Supreme Self and Gendered Forms

Devanagari script

चैतन्यमिति विश्वस्य सर्वज्ञानक्रियात्मकम् । स्वातन्त्र्यं तत्स्वभावो यः स आत्मा परिकीर्त्तितः

Transliteration

caitanyamiti viśvasya sarvajñānakriyātmakam | svātantryaṃ tatsvabhāvo yaḥ sa ātmā parikīrttitaḥ

Translation

Điều được gọi là Ý Thức (caitanya)—thấm khắp vũ trụ như tinh túy của mọi tri thức và mọi hoạt động—và có tự tánh là Tự Do (tự chủ tuyệt đối): điều ấy được tuyên xưng là Ātman.

Word by Word

• चैतन्यम्: consciousness
• चैतन्यम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैतन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• इति: thus/“as”
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/quotative (इति-प्रयोगः)

• विश्वस्य: of the universe
• विश्वस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• सर्वज्ञानक्रियात्मकम्: consisting of all knowledge and activity
• सर्वज्ञानक्रियात्मकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व-ज्ञान-क्रिया-आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); विशेषणम्—चैतन्यम् इत्यस्य

• स्वातन्त्र्यम्: freedom/independence
• स्वातन्त्र्यम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वातन्त्र्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• तत्: of that
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन); समासे पूर्वपदम् (तत्स्वभावः)

• स्वभावः: nature/essential character
• स्वभावः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत् + स्वभावः → तत्स्वभावः

• यः: who/which
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); सम्बन्धक/यत्-प्रयोगः

• सः: he/that
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• आत्मा: Self
• आत्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• परिकीर्तितः: is proclaimed/declared
• परिकीर्तितः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-कीर्त् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मणि प्रयोगः—“is declared”

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating the Kailasha Samhita teaching to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Shakti Dimension

Role: creative

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It defines the Ātman as universal Consciousness—the inner basis of knowing and doing—whose true mark is svātantrya (spiritual freedom), pointing the seeker toward liberation through realizing the Self as Shiva’s light within.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga worship trains the mind to recognize Shiva as the all-pervading conscious principle; devotion to Saguna Shiva matures into insight that the same Shiva is the Ātman, the conscious power behind all cognition and action.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Meditate on Shiva as pure caitanya during japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), observing thoughts and actions as arising within Consciousness, cultivating inner freedom (svātantrya) through steady remembrance.