Sama Veda — Pūrvārcika, Mantra 1
Indra’s swift invitation to the Soma-rite through potent stotra and unhindered approach
न किष्टं कर्मणा नशद्यश्चकार सदावृधम् इन्द्रं न यज्ञैर्विश्वगूर्तमृभ्वसमधृष्टं धृष्णुमोजसा
na kiṣṭaṃ karmaṇā naśadyaścakāra sadāvṛdham indraṃ na yajñairviśvagūrtamṛbhvasamadhṛṣṭaṃ dhṛṣṇumojasā
na1 kiṣṭaṃ2 karmaṇā3 naśad1 yaś2 cakāra3 sadāvṛdham1 indraṃ2 na3 yajñair1 viśvagūrtam2 ṛbhvasam3 adhṛṣṭaṃ1 dhṛṣṇum2 ojasā3
Không ai có thể đạt đến Ngài chỉ bằng hành vi—Indra (Indra) đã thành tựu, đấng luôn tăng trưởng (sadāvṛdham); không một tế lễ nào có thể sánh với Ngài như đề tài để tán dương. Đấng được ca tụng khắp nơi, bậc khéo tay (ṛbhvasam), không thể bị khuất phục, bậc táo bạo; nhờ uy lực (ojasā) của mình mà dũng mãnh (dhṛṣṇum).
na | kiṣṭam | karmaṇā | naśat | yaḥ | cakāra | sadā-vṛdham | indram | na | yajñaiḥ | viśva-gūrtam | ṛbhvasam | adhṛṣṭam | dhṛṣṇum | ojasā
Unknown/unspecified
{ "prastava": "Stobha prelude establishing solemn register.", "udgitha": "Carries ‘indraṃ…viśvagūrtam…adhṛṣṭaṃ’ as the main expansive praise.", "pratihara": "Response that re-centers after epithet density (cadential anchor).", "upadrava": "After-song extending the final epithets ‘dhṛṣṇum ojasā’.", "nidhana": "Unified settling on the last cadence.", "structure_notes": "Treat compound epithets as melodic sustain points; avoid rushing consonant clusters—clarity over speed.", "singer_assignments": "Udgātṛ takes the epithet chain; Pratihartṛ provides cadence stability; all unify at nidhana." }
{ "gloss_summary": "Indra’s greatness is unsurpassed: none ‘reaches’ him by deed; even yajñas cannot exhaust his measure as a theme of praise. ‘viśvagūrtam’ is explained as praised by all officiants/people; epithets emphasize skill and invulnerability.", "ritual_interpretation": "Functions as a mahiman-stotra to elevate the deity before offering; underscores that ritual acts are vehicles of praise, not measures of Indra.", "theological_insight": "The divine exceeds ritual quantification; yajña is participation in greatness, not its limit.", "etymology_highlights": "naśat from √naś ‘to reach/attain’; viśva-gūrta ‘praised by all’; adhṛṣṭa ‘not assailed’." }