Rig Veda 1.91.19: Mandala 1, Sukta 91, Mantra 19

Sukta 1.91

Devata: Soma

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

या ते धामानि हविषा यजन्ति ता ते विश्वा परिभूरस्तु यज्ञम् । गयस्फानः प्रतरणः सुवीरोऽवीरहा प्र चरा सोम दुर्यान् ॥

Transliteration

yā́ te dhā́māni havíṣā yájanti tā́ te víśvā paribhū́r astu yajñám | gaya-sphā́naḥ pra-táraṇaḥ su-vī́ro 'vīra-hā́ prá carā soma duryā́n ||

Translation

Những chỗ ngự và cảnh giới quyền năng của Ngài, nơi người ta tế lễ bằng lễ vật—nguyện tất cả những điều ấy bao trùm và làm chủ lễ tế của chúng con. Hỡi Soma, Đấng mở rộng sự sống, Đấng cứu độ đưa qua xa, Đấng ban dũng lực chân thật, Đấng diệt kẻ vô dũng; xin tiến bước xuyên qua những nội thất cư xá của chúng con.

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Word by Word

• या: which (those)
• या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• धामानि: abodes; ordinances; powers
• धामानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन् (prātipadika)

• हविषा: with oblation
• हविषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (prātipadika)

• यजन्ति: they worship; they sacrifice
• यजन्ति: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्

• ता: those
• ता: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• विश्वा: all (things)
• विश्वा: Karma (with implied ‘make/bring’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (prātipadika)

• परिभूः: overlord; one who surpasses (all)
• परिभूः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: परि-भू (dhātu: भू with preverb परि)

• अस्तु: let (him/it) be
• अस्तु: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice; rite
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (prātipadika)

• गयस्फानः: Gayasphāna (Soma-epithet; ‘swelling with life/household prosperity’)
• गयस्फानः: Kartā (apposition to Soma)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: गयस्फान (prātipadika; epithet of Soma)

• प्रतरणः: the one who helps to cross; deliverer
• प्रतरणः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (agent)
• Root: प्र-तॄ (dhātu: तॄ ‘to cross’ with preverb प्र) → प्रतरण (agent noun)

• सुवीरः: having good heroes/sons; strong in heroes
• सुवीरः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वीर (prātipadika)

• अवीरहा: not slaying heroes; not man-destroying
• अवीरहा: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वीर-हन् (prātipadika; nañ + vīra + han ‘slay’)

• प्र: forth; forward
• प्र: (modifies verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga/avyaya)

• चर: move; go; proceed
• चर: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्

• सोम: O Soma
• सोम: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (deity)
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• दुर्यान्: households; homes
• दुर्यान्: Karma (goal/objects of motion)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: दुर्य (prātipadika; ‘of the house/home’)