Rig Veda 1.42.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 42, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.42
Devata: Pūṣan
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो नः पूषन्नघो वृको दुःशेव आदिदेशति । अप स्म तं पथो जहि ॥
Transliteration
yó naḥ pūṣann aghó vṛ́ko duḥśéva ādídeśati | ápa smá táṁ pathó jahi ||
Translation
Hỡi Pūṣan, kẻ sói gây hại kia—kẻ chỉ chúng con về nẻo dữ, nẻo đi bất tường—xin đánh bật nó khỏi con đường vì chúng con.
Word by Word
यःwho (that)
यः:
Kartā (सापेक्ष-उपवाक्ये) / विशेषणम् ‘वृकः’ इत्यस्य
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्धः (possessor/affected: ‘our’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पूषन्O Pūṣan
पूषन्:
सम्बोधनम् (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (vocative deity-name)
Rootपूषन् (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अघःevil, harmful
अघः:
विशेषणम् ‘वृकः’ इत्यस्य
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअघ (प्रातिपदिक)
वृकःwolf (robber)
वृकः:
Kartā (दिदेशति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक (प्रातिपदिक)
दुःशेवःill-disposed, malicious
दुःशेवः:
विशेषणम् ‘वृकः’ इत्यस्य
TypeAdjective
Rootदुः-शेव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दुः’ उपसर्ग + ‘शेव’)
आtowards, upon
आ:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (direction/intensity)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
दिदेशतिpoints out / indicates / aims
दिदेशति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दिश् (दिशति ‘to point out/show/indicate’; here with reduplication)
अपaway
अप:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (away)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्मindeed, just
स्म:
वाक्य-निपातः
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootस्म (निपात/अव्यय)
तम्him / that one
तम्:
Karma (जहि इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पथःfrom the path
पथः:
Apādāna (source: ‘from the path’)
TypeNoun
Rootपथ्/पथ (प्रातिपदिक)
जहिstrike down / drive away
जहि:
क्रिया (आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हनति ‘to strike/kill’; imperative stem जहि)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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