Rig Veda 1.152.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 152, Mantra 7

Sukta 1.152

Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya (traditional attribution for RV 1.152–1.153; Mitra–Varuṇa hymns)

Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical for these invocations)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ वां मित्रावरुणा हव्यजुष्टिं नमसा देवाववसा ववृत्याम् । अस्माकं ब्रह्म पृतनासु सह्या अस्माकं वृष्टिर्दिव्या सुपारा ॥

Transliteration

ā vā́m mitrāvaruṇā havyá-juṣṭiṁ námasā devāv ávasā vavṛtyām | asmā́kaṁ bráhma pṛ́tanāsu sahyā́ asmā́kaṁ vṛ́ṣṭir divyā́ su-pā́rā ||

Translation

Hỡi Mitra và Varuṇa, con hướng hai Ngài về phía chúng con bằng lễ bái, nhờ quyền năng hộ trì của hai Ngài, để hưởng niềm hoan hỷ của lễ vật (hávya). Nguyện brahman—lời linh hứng của chúng con—đắc thắng giữa các trận chiến; nguyện cơn mưa thiên giới của ân phúc dễ vượt qua và đưa chúng con an lành sang bờ bên kia.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither; towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) / ā (avyaya)

• वाम्: of you two / you two
• वाम्: Sampradāna (addressed/recipient) / Karma (object) (contextual)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (2nd person pronoun)

• मित्रावरुणा: O Mitra and Varuṇa
• मित्रावरुणा: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (proper, dual)
• Root: मित्र + वरुण (devatā-names)

• हव्यजुष्टिम्: the welcome/acceptance of the oblation
• हव्यजुष्टिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य-जुष्टि (tatpuruṣa; from हव्य ‘oblation’ + √जुष् ‘to enjoy/accept’ → जुष्टि ‘acceptance/favour’)

• नमसा: with reverence; with homage
• नमसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस्

• देवा: O gods (you two)
• देवा: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• अववसा: with help; with favour
• अववसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun (abstract) / Indeclinable-like instrumental
• Root: अव-√वस् (Vedic; ‘to aid/favour, be gracious’; noun-form in -asā)

• ववृत्याम्: may I turn/choose (approach)
• ववृत्याम्: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृत् (वृ) ‘to choose/turn oneself/seek’; reduplicated aorist optative middle

• अस्माकम्: of us; our
• अस्माकम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (1st person pronoun)

• ब्रह्म: sacred formulation; prayer
• ब्रह्म: Kartā (subject) / or Karma depending on construal
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्

• पृतनासु: in battles
• पृतनासु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना

• सह्या: victorious; able to withstand/overcome
• सह्या: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सह्य (from √सह् ‘to overcome/endure’; adjectival)

• अस्माकम्: of us; our
• अस्माकम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• वृष्टिः: rain; rainfall
• वृष्टिः: Kartā (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्टि (from √वृष् ‘to rain’)

• दिव्या: heavenly; from the sky
• दिव्या: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (from दिव् ‘heaven’)

• सुपारा: well-conveying; bringing good passage/prosperity
• सुपारा: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-पार (bahuvrīhi/karmadhāraya; सु ‘good’ + पार ‘crossing/bringing across’)