Shloka 10

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

अद्यदेवगणास्सर्वेलोकपालामहर्षयः ।।।।हतमिन्द्रजितंदृष्टवासुखंस्वप्स्यन्तिनिर्भयाः ।

Transliteration

adya devagaṇāḥ sarve lokapālā maharṣayaḥ | hatam indrajitaṃ dṛṣṭvā sukhaṃ svapsyanti nirbhayāḥ ||

Translation

Hôm nay, thấy Indrajit đã bị diệt, hết thảy chư thiên, các vị Hộ Thế, cùng các đại hiền thánh sẽ an giấc trong bình an, không còn sợ hãi.

Word by Word

• adya: today
• adya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• devagaṇāḥ: hosts of gods
• devagaṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (devānāṃ gaṇāḥ); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण of devagaṇāḥ/lokapālāḥ/maharṣayaḥ

• lokapālāḥ: guardians of the worlds
• lokapālāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka + pāla (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (lokānāṃ pālāḥ); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• maharṣayaḥ: great sages
• maharṣayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: कर्मधारय (mahān ṛṣiḥ); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• hatam: killed
• hatam: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: han (धातु) > hata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण of indrajitam

• indrajitam: Indrajit
• indrajitam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indrajit (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal) = 'having seen'

• sukham: comfortably, happily
• sukham: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbial accusative)

• svapsyanti: will sleep
• svapsyanti: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: svap (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• nirbhayāḥ: fearless
• nirbhayāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nir + bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण of devagaṇāḥ etc.

Context

'Today, seeing Indrajith killed, Devatas in heaven, guardians of the worlds, great sages would be fearless and be happy and comfortable'.

Characters & Entities

• Indrajit (Meghanāda)
• Devas
• Lokapālas
• Maharṣis

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

When a force that terrorizes the world is removed, society returns to peace; dharma protects beings from fear and restores order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa reflects bitterly that Indrajit’s death will bring relief to gods and sages who feared him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Indirectly, the ideal of loka-kṣema (welfare of the worlds): the removal of oppression enables peace.