Shloka 20

निकुम्भिला

यज्ञविघ्नः — Vibhishana’s Counsel and Lakshmana’s March to Nikumbhila

Devanagari script

राघवस्तुरिपोर्ज्ञात्वामायावीर्यंदुरात्मनः ।लक्ष्मणंकीर्तिसम्पन्नमिदंवचनमब्रवीत् ।।6.85.20।।

Transliteration

rāghavas tu ripor jñātvā māyāvīryaṃ durātmanaḥ |

lakṣmaṇaṃ kīrtisampannam idaṃ vacanam abravīt ||6.85.20||

Translation

Bấy giờ Rāghava, thấu rõ uy lực huyễn thuật của kẻ thù ác tâm, liền nói lời này với Lakṣmaṇa, bậc lừng danh bởi công đức và chiến công.

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana

• antarikṣe: in the sky
• antarikṣe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: antarikṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga (n.), Saptamī (Loc. 7), Ekavacana

• carataḥ: moving/roaming
• carataḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: car (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत्)
• Form: Śatṛ-present participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga (m.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana; qualifies tasya

• sa-rathasya: with his chariot
• sa-rathasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana; 'with chariot'

• mahāyaśaḥ: of great fame
• mahāyaśaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-yaśas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya: mahā + yaśas; Puṃliṅga (m.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana; epithet of tasya

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• gatiḥ: movement/course
• gatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana

• jñāyate: is known
• jñāyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (present), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; passive sense 'is known'

• vīra: O hero
• vīra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Sambodhana (Voc.), Ekavacana

• sūryasya: of the sun
• sūryasya: Upamāna-sambandha (उपमान-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-vācaka avyaya (comparative particle)

• abhra-samplave: in the mass/coursing of clouds
• abhra-samplave: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhra-samplava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: abhra (cloud) + samplava (flooding/coursing); Puṃliṅga (m.)/Napuṃsakaliṅga (n.) locative usage, Saptamī (Loc. 7), Ekavacana; adverbial locative

Context

Knowing the wicked-minded enemy of conjuring valour, Rama spoke as follows to Lakshmana, richly endowed with fame (of winning wars).

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Enemy (unnamed here; contextually Rāvaṇi/Indrajit)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma aligned with satya: righteous strategy begins with accurate knowledge of the opponent; moral action is strengthened by clear-eyed truth.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma prepares Lakṣmaṇa with informed counsel about an enemy skilled in deceptive warfare.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s responsible leadership and Lakṣmaṇa’s readiness as a celebrated warrior.