Shloka 91

युद्धे अङ्गद-मैन्द-द्विविद-राक्षसयुद्धम्; कुम्भस्य प्रादुर्भावः तथा सुग्रीवेण पराभवः

Sarga 76: Angada and the Vanara chiefs battle Kampana, Prajaṅgha, Yūpākṣa, Śoṇitākṣa; Kumbha enters and is checked by Sugrīva

Devanagari script

स तुतेनप्रहारेणविह्वलोभृशताडितः ।निपपाततदाकुम्भोगतार्चिरिवपावकः ।।।।

Transliteration

sa tu tena prahāreṇa vihvalo bhṛśatāḍitaḥ |

nipapāta tadā kumbho gatārcir iva pāvakaḥ ||

Translation

Bị cú đánh ấy giáng mạnh, Kumbha choáng váng, đau đớn tột cùng; rồi ngã quỵ xuống, như ngọn lửa đã tắt mất hào quang.

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्ध-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन (Instrumental)

• prahāreṇa: by the blow
• prahāreṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prahāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन (Instrumental)

• vihvalaḥ: stunned/overwhelmed
• vihvalaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vihvala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (kumbhaḥ)

• bhṛśa-tāḍitaḥ: severely struck
• bhṛśa-tāḍitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhṛśa (अव्यय) + √tāḍ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमासः (भृशं ताडितः); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (kumbhaḥ)

• nipapāta: fell down
• nipapāta: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni√pat (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• kumbhaḥ: Kumbha
• kumbhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• gata-arciḥ: whose flame has gone out
• gata-arciḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-प्राय) + arciṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (गताः अर्चिषः यस्य सः) विशेषणम् (pāvakaḥ)

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक-अव्यय (like)

• pāvakaḥ: fire
• pāvakaḥ: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान (standard of comparison)

Context

By the blow of Sugriva, that Kumbha was pained severely and overcome by fear he fell like fire which has lost its glow.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores moral causality in itihāsa: destructive power, when confronted by righteous resistance, loses its ‘glow’ and collapses.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbha, overwhelmed by Sugrīva’s strike, loses strength and falls.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s effectiveness and steadfastness; Kumbha’s loss highlights the fading of adharmic force.