Shloka 78

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

मन्ये न तावदात्मानंबुध्यतेवानराधिपः ।शैलप्रहाराभिहतःकुम्भकर्णेनसंयुगे ।।।।

Transliteration

manye na tāvad ātmānaṃ budhyate vānarādhipaḥ | śailaprahārābhihataḥ kumbhakarṇena saṃyuge ||

Translation

Ta nghĩ rằng chúa tể loài vānara vẫn chưa hoàn toàn tỉnh biết chính mình, vì trong chiến trận Kumbhakarṇa đã giáng lên người ấy một đòn như núi nện.

Word by Word

• मन्ये: I think
• मन्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present); आत्मनेपद; उत्तमपुरुष (1st person); एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)

• तावत्: as yet/so far
• तावत्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाण/अवधि-बोधक (adverb: so far/for now)

• आत्मानम्: himself
• आत्मानम्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• बुध्यते: understands/comes to senses
• बुध्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार; आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• वानराधिपः: the lord of monkeys
• वानराधिपः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; समास: वानराणाम् अधिपः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• शैलप्रहाराभिहतः: struck by a mountain-blow
• शैलप्रहाराभिहतः: Hetu (हेतु/cause, descriptive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शैल-प्रहार-अभि + हन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; समास: शैलेन प्रहारः (तत्पुरुष) + अभिहतः (उपपद-समास/कृदन्त-समास)

• कुम्भकर्णेन: by Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णेन: Karana (करण/agent-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative); एकवचन

Context

"I think that Sugriva, hit by Kumbhakarna with a mountain, has lost senses and is not able to know."

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes practical compassion: recognizing injury and impaired judgment, and responding with appropriate support rather than blame.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān assesses that Sugrīva is stunned after being struck by Kumbhakarṇa, explaining why immediate self-rescue may not occur.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Discernment (viveka): Hanumān reads the battlefield reality and adjusts expectations and plans accordingly.