Shloka 107

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

अन्तकस्याप्यकष्टेन युधि जेतारमाहवे ।युध्यतामामभीतेनख्यापितावीरतात्वया ।।।।

Transliteration

antakasyāpy akaṣṭena yudhi jetāram āhave |

yudhyatā mām abhītena khyāpitā vīratā tvayā ||

Translation

“Ngươi không hề sợ hãi mà giao chiến với ta, nhờ thế đã hiển lộ dũng lực của mình—ta, kẻ trong chiến địa từng dễ dàng thắng cả Antaka (Tử Thần).”

Word by Word

• antakasya: of Antaka (Death)
• antakasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: antaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Gen), एकवचन

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कारार्थक (particle: 'even/also')

• akaṣṭena: without difficulty
• akaṣṭena: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: a + kaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नञ्-युक्त तृतीया-एकवचन (instrumental used adverbially): 'without difficulty'

• yudhi: in battle
• yudhi: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन

• jetāram: a conqueror
• jetāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jetr̥ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन; 'conqueror'

• āhave: in combat
• āhave: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन

• yudhyatām: fight
• yudhyatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yudh (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; 'fight!'

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन

• abhītena: fearless
• abhītena: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a + bhīta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr), एकवचन; 'fearless' (used with tvayā as qualifier)

• khyāpitā: has been displayed/made known
• khyāpitā: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: khyāp (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP) स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive): 'has been made known'

• vīratā: valor
• vīratā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīratā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instr), एकवचन

Context

"You have exhibited your valour without fear in battle, challenging me who has conquered even Lord of Death without difficulty in battle."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Antaka (Death personified)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It shows how pride distorts satya: Kumbhakarṇa frames boast as truth to intimidate. Dharma teaches that true strength is paired with humility and right purpose, not self-exaltation.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa addresses Lakṣmaṇa directly, acknowledging his fearlessness while claiming invincibility.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearlessness in righteous duty—Lakṣmaṇa’s courage is recognized even by the enemy.