Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 66, Shloka 22

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम् तथा अङ्गदप्रेरणा

Kumbhakarna’s sortie and Angada’s rallying of the Vanaras

Devanagari script

कुलेषुजातास्सर्वेस्मविस्तीर्णेषुमहत्सु च ।।6.66.21।।क्वगच्छतभयत्रस्ताःहरयःप्राकृतायथा ।अनार्याःखलुयद्भीतास्त्यक्त्वावीर्यंप्रधावत ।।6.66.22।।

Transliteration

kuleṣu jātāḥ sarve sma vistīrṇeṣu mahatsu ca || 6.66.21 ||

kva gacchata bhayatrastāḥ harayaḥ prākṛtā yathā |

anāryāḥ khalu yad bhītās tyaktvā vīryaṃ pradhāvata || 6.66.22 ||

Translation

(Bản truyền Nam phương lặp lại lời quở trách trước:) Các ngươi sinh trong những dòng tộc lớn và hiển hách—cớ sao lại chạy trốn vì sợ hãi như bầy khỉ tầm thường? Khiếp nhược mà vứt bỏ dũng lực để tháo chạy, thật không xứng với bậc cao quý; hãy hành xử hợp với dũng khí và bổn phận của mình.

Word by Word

• anāryāḥ: ignoble, unworthy
• anāryāḥ: Kriyā-sāmānādhikaraṇya (predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an-ārya- (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga / Prathamā / Bahuvacana; negative prefix an-

• khalu: indeed
• khalu: Sambandha (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: khalu (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (emphatic particle)

• yat: since/that
• yat: Hetu-sūcaka (हेतु-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative particle used as conjunction ('since/that'); avyaya usage

• bhītāḥ: afraid
• bhītāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of implied subject (you)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √bhī (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kta-participle; Puṃliṅga / Prathamā / Bahuvacana

• tyaktvā: having abandoned
• tyaktvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √tyaj (धातु) + ktvā (कृत्)
• Form: Absolutive (gerund) in -tvā (क्त्वा)

• vīryam: valour
• vīryam: Karma (कर्म) of tyaktvā
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīrya- (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग / Dvitīyā / Ekavacana

• pradhāvata: you run away
• pradhāvata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√dhāv (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present) / Madhyama-puruṣa / Bahuvacana; Parasmaipada; used as reproachful present ('you are running')

Context

"You are born in noble families, and are widely spread. As such why are you running away like ordinary monkeys as if terrified giving up your valour. It is not worthy of you."

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Vānara (harayaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The same dharmic lesson is reinforced through repetition: nobility is measured by steadfast conduct, not by birth alone.

What is the narrative situation?

A repeated/overlapping transmission of Aṅgada’s admonition appears in this recension, continuing the rallying speech during the rout.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Consistency in courage—renewed insistence that fear must not override duty.