Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 61, Shloka 22

कुम्भकर्णदर्शनम्

The Appearance of Kumbhakarna and the Account of His Might

Devanagari script

वासवस्यवचश्श्रुत्वासर्वलोकपितामहः ।रक्षांस्यावाहयामासकुम्भकर्णंददर्श ह ।।6.61.22।।

Transliteration

vāsavasya vacaḥ śrutvā sarva-loka-pitāmahaḥ | rakṣāṁsy āvāhayāmāsa kumbhakarṇaṁ dadarśa ha ||

Translation

Nghe lời của Vāsava, Phạm Thiên—đấng Tổ phụ của mọi thế giới—liền triệu tập các rākṣasa, và giữa họ Ngài trông thấy Kumbhakarṇa.

Word by Word

• कुम्भकर्णम्: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णम्: कर्म (Object of seeing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• समीक्ष्य: having looked at
• समीक्ष्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having beheld’

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• वितत्रास: was frightened/alarmed
• वितत्रास: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+त्रस् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• प्रजापतिः: Prajapati (Brahma)
• प्रजापतिः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजापति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having seen’

• विश्वास्य: having reassured
• विश्वास्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+श्वस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; causative sense ‘having reassured (made confident)’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphasis)

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: कर्म (Object of reassuring)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• स्वयम्भूः: the Self-born (Brahma)
• स्वयम्भूः: कर्ता (Subject of speaking)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वयम्भू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: कर्म (Object—what was said)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Context

Hearing the words of Indra, Brahma conjured the Rakshasas and saw Kumbhakarna with them.

Characters & Entities

• Indra (Vāsava)
• Brahmā (sarvalokapitāmaha)
• Rākṣasas
• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes rightful authority acting to investigate and restrain harm; Brahmā responds to a legitimate complaint by convening those responsible.

What is the narrative situation?

After Indra’s report, Brahmā calls the rākṣasas before him and looks directly upon Kumbhakarṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Accountability in governance: Brahmā does not ignore the complaint but initiates a formal confrontation.