Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 3

इन्द्रजितः अन्तर्धानयुद्धं

Indrajit’s Concealed Assault and the Fall of Rama and Lakshmana

Devanagari script

द्वौसुषेणस्यदायादौनीलंचप्लवगर्षपम् ।अङ्गदंवालिपुत्रंचशरभंचतरस्विनम् ।।6.45.2।।विनतंजाम्बवन्तंचसानुप्रस्थंमहाबलम् ।ऋषभंचर्षभस्कन्थमादिदेशपरन्तपः ।।6.45.3।।

Transliteration

dvau suṣeṇasya dāyādau nīlaṃ ca plavagarṣabham |

aṅgadaṃ vāliputraṃ ca śarabhaṃ ca tarasvinam ||6.45.2||

vinataṃ jāmbavantaṃ ca sānuprasthaṃ mahābalam |

ṛṣabhaṃ ca ṛṣabhaskandham ādiśeśa parantapaḥ ||6.45.3||

Translation

Rāma, bậc thiêu đốt kẻ thù, truyền lệnh cho hai người thừa tự của Suṣeṇa, cùng Nīla—bậc tối thượng trong loài vānara—Aṅgada con của Vāli, Śarabha nhanh như gió, Vinata, Jāmbavān, Sānuprastha đại lực, lại cả Ṛṣabha và Ṛṣabhaskandha.

Word by Word

• te: they
• te: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; pronoun

• samprahṛṣṭāḥ: exceedingly delighted
• samprahṛṣṭāḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣ (धातु) → samprahṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; past participle (क्त)

• harayaḥ: the monkeys
• harayaḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• bhīmān: terrible/huge
• bhīmān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhīma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• udyamya: having lifted
• udyamya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yam (धातु) + ud-
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्)

• pādapān: trees
• pādapān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pādapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• ākāśam: the sky
• ākāśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ākāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• viviśuḥ: entered
• viviśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: viś (धातु) + vi-
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; parasmaipada

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• mārgamāṇāḥ: searching
• mārgamāṇāḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: mṛg (धातु) → mārgamāṇa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शानच्)
• Form: Present middle participle (शानच्), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• diśaḥ: directions
• diśaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• daśa: ten
• daśa: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral adjective, Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (agreeing with diśaḥ)

Context

Even the monkeys' eyes were filled with tears, very much stricken with grief seeing Rama fallen and shrieked.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Suṣeṇa
• Nīla
• Aṅgada
• Vāli
• Śarabha
• Vinata
• Jāmbavān
• Ṛṣabha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kṣātra-dharma expressed as disciplined leadership: Rāma organizes capable allies for a just objective, showing that righteous action in crisis requires clear delegation and responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

In the battle context, Rāma issues orders to leading Vānara warriors, mobilizing them for a search/engagement as Indrajit operates with concealment and deadly force.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s steadiness and strategic clarity—calm command even amid danger—anchored in duty to protect and uphold righteousness.