Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 19

इन्द्रजितः अन्तर्धानयुद्धं

Indrajit’s Concealed Assault and the Fall of Rama and Lakshmana

Devanagari script

तौवीरशयनेवीरौशयानौरुधिरोक्षितौ ।शरवेष्टितसर्वाङ्गैवार्तौपरमपीडितौ ।।6.45.19।।

Transliteration

tau vīraśayane vīrau śayānau rudhirokṣitau |

śaraveṣṭitasarvāṅgai vārtau paramapīḍitau ||6.45.19||

Translation

Tại đó, hai anh hùng nằm trên chiến sàng của dũng sĩ, máu thấm đẫm; mọi chi thể bị tên quấn phủ, đau đớn và khổ sở tột cùng.

Word by Word

• tau: those two
• tau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (pronoun/सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)

• vīra-śayane: on the warriors' bed
• vīra-śayane: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक) + śayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: vīrāṇāṃ śayanam), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vīrau: two heroes/warriors
• vīrau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)

• śayānau: lying down
• śayānau: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śī (धातु) + śayāna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Present participle (शतृ/शानच्: शानच्), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; qualifying vīrau

• rudhira-okṣitau: drenched with blood
• rudhira-okṣitau: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rudhira (प्रातिपदिक) + ukṣ (धातु) + okṣita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष: rudhireṇa okṣitau), Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; qualifying vīrau

• śara-veṣṭita-sarvāṅgaiḥ: with all limbs wrapped/covered by arrows
• śara-veṣṭita-sarvāṅgaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक) + veṣṭita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (बहुपद-समास; sarvāṅgaiḥ = Instrumental plural), Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Dual agreeing with implied 'tābhyām' sense; or instrumental plural used as qualifier: 'with limbs (sarvāṅgaiḥ) wrapped by arrows'

• ārtau: distressed
• ārtau: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual; qualifying vīrau

• parama-pīḍitau: extremely afflicted
• parama-pīḍitau: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + pīḍita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (paramaḥ pīḍitaḥ), Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; qualifying vīrau

Context

The princes were lying on the warrior's bed in the battlefield, their limbs fully covered with arrows, in a highly distressed state.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the cost borne by dharmic protectors: righteousness may demand suffering, and the community’s duty is to respond with loyalty, care, and resolve rather than despair.

What is the narrative situation?

After being struck down, Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa lie on the battlefield, covered with arrows and bleeding.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṣānti (endurance) and courage under calamity—heroism is shown not only in attack but also in bearing pain for a righteous end.