Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 11

माल्यवानुपदेशः

Malyavan’s Counsel, Portents in Laṅkā, and the Proposal of Alliance

Devanagari script

यस्यदेवर्षयस्सर्वेगन्धर्वाश्चजयैषिणः ।।।।विरोथंमागमस्तेनसन्धिस्तेतेनरोचताम् ।

Transliteration

yasya devarṣayaḥ sarve gandharvāś ca jayaiṣiṇaḥ | virodhaṁ mā gamaḥ tena sandhis te tena rocatām |

Translation

“Chư thiên hiền thánh, các thiên tiên rishi, cùng các Gandharva đều mong Người ấy chiến thắng. Vậy chớ gây thù nghịch với Người; hãy để liên minh với Người làm ngươi hoan hỷ.”

Word by Word

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (relative)

• deva-ṛṣayaḥ: divine sages
• deva-ṛṣayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: 'divine sages'

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (devarṣayaḥ)

• gandharvāḥ: Gandharvas
• gandharvāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandharva (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• jayaiṣiṇaḥ: seeking victory
• jayaiṣiṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jaya (प्रातिपदिक) + iṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (jayasya eṣiṇaḥ) 'desiring victory'

• virodham: enmity/opposition
• virodham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: virodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• mā: do not
• mā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (prohibitive particle): 'do not' (with imperative)

• gamaḥ: go/enter (into)
• gamaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; निषेधेन (mā)

• tena: therefore/with him
• tena: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, एकवचन; 'therefore/with him' (context)

• sandhiḥ: alliance
• sandhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sandhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• te: to/for you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी, एकवचन; अत्र चतुर्थी (to you) अधिकः: 'for you'

• tena: therefore
• tena: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन; 'therefore/with that (reason)'

• rocatām: let it be agreeable
• rocatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ruc (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'let it be pleasing'

Context

All the celestial sages and Gandharvas are wishing him victory. Therefore, do not have enmity. Making an alliance with him is desirable for you.

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma
• Devarṣis
• Gandharvas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes discernment: when the righteous are supported by cosmic order, persisting in hostility becomes adharma; wise action is to seek peace and correction.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa is warned that higher beings favor Rāma’s victory, so opposition is both imprudent and unethical.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prājñatā (prudence) and humility—recognizing when one’s course is opposed to truth and order.