Shloka 12

वानर-ऋक्ष-सेना-प्रशंसा

Cataloguing the Vanara and Bear Forces

Devanagari script

एतेनसाह्यंसुमहत्कृतंशक्रस्यधीमता ।देवासुरेजाम्बवतालब्धाश्चबहवोवराः ।।।।

Transliteration

etena sāhyaṃ sumahat kṛtaṃ śakrasya dhīmatā | devāsure jāmbavatā labdhāś ca bahavo varāḥ ||

Translation

Chính Jāmbavān trí tuệ ấy đã trợ giúp vô cùng to lớn cho Śakra (Đế Thích, Indra) trong cuộc chiến giữa chư Thiên và A-tu-la; và nhờ đó, nhiều ân huệ (vara) đã được ban cho.

Word by Word

• etena: by this one (by him)
• etena: Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masculine), Tṛtīyā (instrumental), Ekavacana (singular)

• sāhyam: help / assistance
• sāhyam: Karma (कर्म/object) of "kṛtam"
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga (neuter), Dvitīyā (accusative), Ekavacana (singular)

• su-mahat: very great
• su-mahat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of "sāhyam"
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/avyaya-prefix) + mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; upasarga-like intensifier su-

• kṛtam: done
• kṛtam: Kriyā (verbal predicate: 'was done')
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: kta-pratyaya (past passive participle), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā Ekavacana; used predicatively with implied 'asti'

• śakrasya: of/for Śakra (Indra)
• śakrasya: Sampradāna/artha-sambandha (beneficiary/possessor: 'for Indra')
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (genitive), Ekavacana

• dhīmatā: by the wise one
• dhīmatā: Karaṇa (agent-instrumental in passive construction)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (instrumental), Ekavacana

• deva-asure: in the (battle of) gods and demons
• deva-asure: Adhikaraṇa (locus: in the deva-asura (conflict))
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + asura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī (locative), Ekavacana; dvandva (itaretara): 'among devas and asuras'

• jāmbavatā: by Jāmbavat
• jāmbavatā: Karaṇa (agent-instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jāmbavat (प्रातिपदिक; proper noun)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (instrumental), Ekavacana

• labdhāḥ: obtained
• labdhāḥ: Kriyā (predicate: 'were obtained')
• Type: Verb
• Root: labh (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: kta (PPP), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (nominative), Bahuvacana; agrees with "varāḥ"

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• bahavaḥ: many
• bahavaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa of "varāḥ"
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• varāḥ: boons
• varāḥ: Karta (grammatical subject of passive predicate 'labdhāḥ')
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

Context

"See this one like a mountain, he is the brother of Dhumra. Even though he is similar to his brother in body form and his valour is great. As such he is superior among leaders. He is called Jambavan, one of valourous deeds, devoted to elders and intolerant in killing."

Characters & Entities

• Sāraṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Jāmbavān
• Śakra (Indra)
• Devas
• Asuras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Merit gained through righteous assistance and steadfast service bears fruit; dharmic action is remembered and rewarded.

What is the narrative situation?

Sāraṇa supports Jāmbavān’s stature by recalling his earlier role in the Deva–Asura war and the boons he earned.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Wisdom allied to service—helping a just cause with competence and constancy.