Shloka 29

लङ्कानिरीक्षणं व्यूहविन्यासश्च

Survey of Lanka and Deployment of the Battle Formation

Devanagari script

क्रुद्धैस्सैरहमुत्प्लुतदृष्टमात्रःप्लवङ्गमैः ।गृहीतोऽस्म्यपिचारब्दोहन्तुंलोप्तुंचमुष्टिभि ।।।।

Transliteration

kruddhais tair aham utplutadṛṣṭamātraḥ plavaṅgamaiḥ |

gṛhīto 'smy api cārabdho hantuṃ loptuṃ ca muṣṭibhiḥ ||

Translation

Vừa thấy bóng thần, những Vānara ấy đang giận dữ liền nhảy bổ tới; chúng bắt lấy thần và còn bắt đầu đấm bằng nắm tay, toan giết hoặc làm tàn phế thần.

Word by Word

• kruddhaiḥ: by angry
• kruddhaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (कृदन्त; √krudh)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of plavaṅgamaiḥ): 'angry'

• taiḥ: by those
• taiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• aham: I/me
• aham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• utpluta-dṛṣṭa-mātraḥ: at mere sight (as soon as seen)
• utpluta-dṛṣṭa-mātraḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: utpluta (कृदन्त; ut-√plu) + dṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √dṛś) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय/बहुपद-निर्माण); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'as soon as (I was) seen after leaping up' (idiomatically: 'at mere sight')

• plavaṅgamaiḥ: by the monkeys
• plavaṅgamaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• gṛhītaḥ: seized
• gṛhītaḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √grah (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP): पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; with 'asmi' forms passive perfect: 'I have been seized'

• asmi: am
• asmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle): 'also/even'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• ārabdhaḥ: having begun
• ārabdhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√rabh (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP used adjectivally): पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'having begun/undertaken (to...)'

• hantum: to kill
• hantum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्यय (infinitive): 'to kill'

• loptum: to injure/destroy
• loptum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √lup (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्यय (infinitive): 'to injure/destroy'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• muṣṭibhiḥ: with fists
• muṣṭibhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

Context

As soon as they saw me, the enraged Vanaras rising up (into the sky) took hold of me and started injuring me and slaying me.

Characters & Entities

• Suka
• Vanaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Uncontrolled anger violates dharma, especially toward a messenger; righteous war requires restraint and adherence to norms even under provocation.

What is the narrative situation?

Śuka reports to Rāvaṇa that the Vanaras attacked him immediately upon seeing him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast, the need for kṣamā (forbearance) and discipline in a righteous camp.