Shloka 4

युद्धकाण्डे द्वितीयः सर्गः — Sugriva’s Counsel: From Grief to Strategy

Bridge to Lanka

Devanagari script

मतिमान्शास्त्रवित्प्राज्ञःपण्डितश्चासिराघव ।त्यजेमांपापिकांबुद्धिंकृतात्मेवार्थदूषणीम् ।।।।

Transliteration

matimān śāstravit prājñaḥ paṇḍitaś cāsi rāghava | tyajemāṃ pāpikāṃ buddhiṃ kṛtātm evārthadūṣaṇīm ||

Translation

Hỡi Rāghava, ngài vốn thông minh, tinh tường śāstra, khôn ngoan và sáng suốt; hãy vứt bỏ ý nghĩ tội lỗi này—như người tự chế loại trừ tâm niệm làm hoen ố điều chân chính và ý nghĩa.

Word by Word

• matimān: intelligent
• matimān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: matimat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)

• śāstravit: knower of the scriptures
• śāstravit: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śāstra-vid (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śāstrasya vid = knower of śāstra)

• prājñaḥ: wise
• prājñaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prājña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• paṇḍitaḥ: learned
• paṇḍitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: paṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asi: you are
• asi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• rāghava: O Rāghava
• rāghava: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• tyaja: give up
• tyaja: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• imām: this
• imām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (demonstrative)

• pāpikām: sinful
• pāpikām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pāpikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• buddhim: intellect; intention
• buddhim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• kṛtātmā: self-controlled
• kṛtātmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta-ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (kṛtaḥ ātmā yasya / kṛta-ātmā = self-controlled/steadfast)

• iva: as if; like
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• artha-dūṣaṇīm: that which corrupts the purpose/meaning
• artha-dūṣaṇīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: artha + dūṣaṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (arthasya dūṣaṇī = corrupter of purpose/meaning)

Context

"You are endowed with subtle intellect and now think of the means to cross over this dreadful looking ocean; the lord of rivers."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• śāstra (scriptural tradition, as an authority invoked)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is portrayed as inner governance: rejecting thoughts that distort right judgment, even under emotional strain.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma is being urged by an ally to abandon despair and to act in accordance with his known wisdom and training.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Ātma-saṃyama (self-control): the strength to discard destructive mental states and hold to righteous purpose.