Shloka 1

युद्धकाण्डे द्वितीयः सर्गः — Sugriva’s Counsel: From Grief to Strategy

Bridge to Lanka

Devanagari script

तंतुशोकपरिद्यूनंरामंदशरथात्मजम् ।उवाचवचनंश्रीमान् सुग्रीवश्शोकनाशनम् ।।।।

Transliteration

taṃ tu śokaparidyūnaṃ rāmaṃ daśarathātmajam |

uvāca vacanaṃ śrīmān sugrīvaḥ śokanāśanam ||6.2.1||

Translation

Thấy Rāma, con của Daśaratha, bị sầu khổ bào mòn, Sugrīva rạng rỡ liền nói những lời có thể tiêu trừ ưu não.

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म) (object of uvāca: addressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• tu: but
• tu: Vākyasambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• śoka-paridyūnam: worn down by grief
• śoka-paridyūnam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + paridyūna (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa; Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies rāmaṃ

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म) (addressee)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• daśaratha-ātmajam: son of Dasaratha
• daśaratha-ātmajam: Apposition (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी) 'son of Daśaratha'; Masculine, Accusative, Singular; apposition to rāmam

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु; वच्)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• vacanam: words
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• śrīmān: glorious
• śrīmān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies sugrīvaḥ

• sugrīvaḥ: Sugriva
• sugrīvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• śoka-nāśanam: grief-destroying
• śoka-nāśanam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + nāśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa; Neuter, Accusative, Singular; qualifies vacanam (vācya: 'grief-destroying')

Context

"Oh! Prince, by virtue of a boon granted by Brahma, the self-born to the ten-headed Ravana, he cannot be killed by Gandharvas, Rakshasas and by all beings."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of friendship and support: a righteous ally offers counsel that restores steadiness and duty when one is shaken by grief.

What is the narrative situation?

Early in Yuddhakāṇḍa, Sugrīva addresses Rāma, who is burdened with sorrow, to strengthen his resolve.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Compassionate leadership—Sugrīva acts as a supportive friend who helps Rāma return to purposeful action.