Shloka 30

रावणस्य सभाप्रवेशः

Ravana Enters the Royal Assembly and Summons Counsel

Devanagari script

सुवर्णनानामणिभूषणानांसुवाससांसंसदिराक्षसानाम् ।तेषांपरार्घ्यागुरुचन्दनानांस्रजाश्चगन्धाःप्रववुस्समन्तात् ।।।।

Transliteration

suvarṇa-nānā-maṇi-bhūṣaṇānāṁ suvāsasāṁ saṁsadi rākṣasānām |

teṣāṁ parārghyāguru-candanānāṁ srajāś ca gandhāḥ pravavuḥ samantāt ||

Translation

Trong hội đường ấy, các rākṣasa—đeo đủ thứ trang sức vàng và châu báu, khoác y phục mỹ lệ—tỏa khắp bốn phía hương trầm quý của lô hội và đàn hương, cùng hương thơm từ những vòng hoa.

Word by Word

• सुवर्णनाना-मणि-भूषणानाम्: of ornaments (bhūṣaṇas) of gold and various gems
• सुवर्णनाना-मणि-भूषणानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/possessor-attribute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + नाना (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) + मणि (प्रातिपदिक) + भूषण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive case), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); समासः—(सुवर्णनाना-मणि)-भूषण = ‘gold-and-various-gems’ as qualifier of ‘ornaments’

• सुवाससाम्: of beautiful garments
• सुवाससाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु + वासस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); ‘सु’ उपसर्ग/उपपद-पूर्वकं ‘वासस्’ = ‘good/beautiful garments’

• संसदि: in the assembly/court
• संसदि: अधिकरण (Locative/setting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative case), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• राक्षसानाम्: of the Rakshasas
• राक्षसानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• तेषाम्: of them (of those)
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), सर्वलिङ्ग (Pronoun; here masculine implied by राक्षसानाम्)

• परार्घ्य-अगुरु-चन्दनानाम्: of precious agaru and sandal (fragrances/pastes)
• परार्घ्य-अगुरु-चन्दनानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परार्घ्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अगुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); समासः—परार्घ्य (श्रेष्ठ/अतिमूल्य) इति विशेषणं, अगुरु-चन्दनयोः समाहार/समुच्चयार्थ-समास-प्रयोगः (व्यवहारे तत्पुरुषवत्)

• स्रजाः: garlands
• स्रजाः: कर्तृ (Subject/agent of spreading)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्रज् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय—समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction ‘and’)

• गन्धाः: fragrances
• गन्धाः: कर्तृ (Subject/agent of spreading)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• प्रववुः: spread/blew forth
• प्रववुः: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वा (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect; narrative past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपदम्

• समन्तात्: on all sides, everywhere
• समन्तात्: अधिकरण (Adverbial locus/extent)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय—देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place: ‘on all sides/everywhere’)

Context

In that royal court decorated with different kinds of golden and gem colours, the Rakshasas attired in beautiful clothes with their body smeared with fragrance of incense and sandal paste and wearing floral garland s whose fragrance had spread all over.

Characters & Entities

• rākṣasas
• gems
• agaru (aloe-wood)
• candana (sandalwood)
• garlands (sraj)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It implicitly contrasts outer refinement with inner truth: satya and dharma are not guaranteed by wealth, perfume, or splendor—ethical worth depends on righteous intention and action.

What is the narrative situation?

The assembly is depicted in vivid detail—its opulence and fragrance—setting the atmosphere for counsel and impending decisions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

No explicit virtue; the emphasis is on aesthetic magnificence, which serves as a narrative foil to the moral choices that will follow.