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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 9

प्रथमः सर्गः

Rama Praises Hanuman; Anxiety over Crossing the Ocean

नियुक्तो नृपतेः कार्यं न कुर्याद्यस्समाहितः ।भृत्यो युक्तस्समर्थश्च तमाहुः पुरुषाधमम् ।।।।

niyukto nṛpateḥ kāryaṃ na kuryād yaḥ samāhitaḥ | bhṛtyo yuktaḥ samarthaś ca tam āhuḥ puruṣādhamam ||

Còn bề tôi đã nhận mệnh vua, vốn khéo giỏi và đủ sức, mà vẫn không chuyên tâm làm xong việc ấy, thì bị gọi là kẻ hèn kém nhất.

niyuktaḥappointed
niyuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootni+yuj (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nṛpateḥof the king
nṛpateḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
kāryamtask
kāryam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
kuryātshould do
kuryāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; न-निषेधेन 'should not do'
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-यः
samāhitaḥcomposed/attentive
samāhitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam+ā+dhā (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (yaḥ/bhṛtyaḥ)
bhṛtyaḥservant
bhṛtyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootbhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
yuktaḥfit/competent
yuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootyukta (कृदन्त, yuj धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (bhṛtyaḥ)
samarthaḥcapable
samarthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamartha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (bhṛtyaḥ)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of āhuḥ)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
āhuḥthey call
āhuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootah (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
puruṣādhamamthe worst of men
puruṣādhamam:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa+adhama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (पुरुषेषु अधमः)

"If one who is capable and efficient has been entrusted with a task by a king and fails to do the work agreed to, is said to be a lowly person."

N
nṛpati (king) (generic)

FAQs

Accountability is dharma: accepting a duty (especially a public duty) and then failing it is morally degrading, regardless of one’s talent.

The text completes a moral hierarchy of service—best, middling, and worst—implicitly contrasting with Hanumān’s fulfilled duty.

Reliability (kṛtaniścayatā): the virtue of actually completing what one has undertaken.