Shloka 1

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तो हनुमता रामो दशरथात्मज:।तं मणिं हृदये कृत्वा प्ररुरोद सलक्ष्मणः।।।।

Transliteration

evam ukto hanumatā rāmo daśarathātmajaḥ |

taṃ maṇiṃ hṛdaye kṛtvā praruroda sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ ||

Translation

Nghe Hanumān thưa như vậy, Rāma—con của Daśaratha—áp viên ngọc ấy vào tim mình mà òa khóc, bên cạnh có Lakṣmaṇa.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति-अव्यय

• uktaḥ: addressed; told
• uktaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √vac (धातु) + kta (क्त-कृत्)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of rāmaḥ)

• hanumatā: by Hanuman
• hanumatā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• daśarathātmajaḥ: son of Dasharatha
• daśarathātmajaḥ: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः

• tam: that
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• maṇim: jewel
• maṇim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• hṛdaye: in (his) heart
• hṛdaye: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• kṛtvā: having placed
• kṛtvā: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having done/placed’

• praruroda: wept
• praruroda: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√rud (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• salakṣmaṇaḥ: together with Lakshmana
• salakṣmaṇaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (lakṣmaṇena saha)

Context

Thus addressed by Hanuman, Rama held the token (Chudamani) against his bosom and wept with Lakshmana.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Maṇi (token jewel / Cūḍāmaṇi context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as steadfast fidelity and righteous love within marriage: Rāma’s grief is not mere emotion but a sign of unwavering commitment to Sītā and the truth of their bond.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān has returned from Laṅkā after meeting Sītā and presents her jewel-token to Rāma; upon receiving it, Rāma is overcome with sorrow and weeps.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s constancy (niṣṭhā) and tenderness—his loyal, truth-grounded devotion to Sītā even amid crisis.