Shloka 11

लङ्कादाहः — The Burning of Lanka

Catuḥpañcāśaḥ Sargaḥ

Devanagari script

तथा चेन्द्रजितो वेश्म ददाह हरियूथपः।जम्बुमाले स्सुमालेश्च ददाह भवनं ततः।।।।

Transliteration

tathā cendrajito veśma dadāha hariyūthapaḥ | jambumāleḥ sumāleś ca dadāha bhavanaṁ tataḥ || 5.54.11 ||

Translation

Cũng như thế, vị thủ lĩnh bầy khỉ thiêu rụi dinh thự của Indrajit; rồi lại đốt luôn các nhà của Jambumālī và Sumālī.

Word by Word

• tathā: thus, in the same way
• tathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), समुच्चय (conjunction)

• indrajitaḥ: of Indrajit
• indrajitaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indrajit (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्र + जित्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• veśma: house
• veśma: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veśman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• dadāha: burned, set on fire
• dadāha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dah (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• hariyūthapaḥ: leader of monkey troops
• hariyūthapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hariyūthapa (प्रातिपदिक; हरि + यूथप)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• jambumāleḥ: of Jambumālī
• jambumāleḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jambumāli (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• sumāleḥ: of Sumāli
• sumāleḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumāli (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), समुच्चय (conjunction)

• dadāha: burned
• dadāha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dah (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• bhavanam: residence, building
• bhavanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

Context

Thus Hanuman, the chief of the vanaras set fire to Indrajit's residence and then to Jambumali's and Sumali's building.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Indrajit
• Jambumālī
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Deterrent action against entrenched adharma: striking the strongholds of oppressors signals that wrongdoing has consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān escalates his action by burning key rākṣasa leaders’ residences, including Indrajit’s.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kauśala (tactical skill): he targets symbols and centers of power.