Shloka 3

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 42): Omens in Laṅkā, Report to Rāvaṇa, and the Kinkara Assault

Devanagari script

ततो गतायां निद्रायां राक्षस्यो विकृताननाः।तद्वनं ददृशुर्भग्नं तं च वीरं महाकपिम्।।5.42.3।।

Transliteration

tato gatāyāṃ nidrāyāṃ rākṣasyo vikṛtānanāḥ | tad vanaṃ dadṛśur bhagnaṃ taṃ ca vīraṃ mahākapim || 5.42.3 ||

Translation

Rồi khi giấc ngủ bị đánh thức, các rākṣasī mặt mày ghê rợn trông thấy khu vườn tan nát, và cũng nhìn thấy vị dũng sĩ—đại hầu ấy.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Desha-Kala (देश-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb

• gatāyām: when (sleep) had gone/ended
• gatāyām: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata (कृदन्त; √gam/गम्, गत्याम्)
• Form: Past participle (क्त); Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; in locative absolute with nidrāyām

• nidrāyām: in sleep (when sleep ended)
• nidrāyām: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nidrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th), Singular; locative absolute

• rākṣasyaḥ: ogresses
• rākṣasyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st), Plural

• vikṛtānanāḥ: having deformed faces
• vikṛtānanāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vikṛta + ānana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; बहुव्रीहिः (विकृतम् आननं यासाम्)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; agrees with vanam

• vanam: garden/grove
• vanam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• dadṛśuḥ: saw
• dadṛśuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्, दर्शन)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural

• bhagnam: broken/devastated
• bhagnam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhagna (कृदन्त; √bhañj/भञ्ज्, भङ्गे)
• Form: Past participle (क्त); Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; agrees with vanam

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• vīram: the hero
• vīram: Karma (कर्म/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; apposition to tam/mahākapim

• mahākapim: the great monkey
• mahākapim: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + kapi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; कर्मधारयः (महान् कपिः)

Context

"O lord of the demon clan! Who dares to talk to Sita if he has not given up all hope of life, since she is desired by you".

Characters & Entities

• rākṣasī (ogresses)
• vana (Aśoka-vana/garden context)
• mahākapi (Hanumān)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames the moral contrast: destructive adharma (the rākṣasī world’s violence and intimidation) is exposed when confronted by a dharmic mission (Hanumān’s service to Rāma). Dharma here appears as steadfast duty that does not hide, even when surrounded by hostile power.

What is the narrative situation?

The ogresses awaken and discover the garden has been wrecked, and they see the powerful intruder—Hanumān—responsible for the upheaval.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s vīrya (heroic strength) and fearlessness in executing his entrusted task.