Shloka 61

हनूमत्सीतासंवादः

Hanuman’s Offer of Rescue and Sita’s Dharmic Refusal

Devanagari script

यदहं गात्रसंस्पर्शं रावणस्य बलाद्गता।अनीशा किं करिष्यामि विनाथा विवशा सती।।।।

Transliteration

yad ahaṃ gātra-saṃsparśaṃ rāvaṇasya balād gatā | anīśā kiṃ kariṣyāmi vināthā vivaśā satī ||

Translation

Nếu ta đã bị ép phải chịu sự đụng chạm thân thể của Rāvaṇa bằng bạo lực—khi ta bất lực, không nơi nương tựa, và hoàn toàn bị khuất phục—thì ta còn có thể làm gì được?

Word by Word

• yat: that (the fact that)
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Correlative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative particle used as conjunction (यत्) = "that/whereas"

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Prathamā, Ekavacana

• gātra-saṃsparśam: bodily touch
• gātra-saṃsparśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gātra (प्रातिपदik) + saṃsparśa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: gātra-saṃsparśa; Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• rāvaṇasya: of Ravana
• rāvaṇasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• balāt: by force
• balāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Pañcamī (Ablative), Ekavacana; adverbial ablative "by force"

• gatā: was made to undergo; went (experienced)
• gatā: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु) + ta (क्त/कृदन्त)
• Form: Kta-participle used predicatively; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with aham (speaker Sītā)

• anīśā: powerless
• anīśā: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण/Subject attribute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anīśa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate adjective to aham

• kim: what
• kim: Prashna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Interrogative used adverbially (किम्)

• kariṣyāmi: shall I do
• kariṣyāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Lṛṭ (Future, लृट्), Uttama-puruṣa, Ekavacana, Parasmaipada

• vināthā: without my lord
• vināthā: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-nātha (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; "without protector/husband"

• vivaśā: helpless
• vivaśā: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vivaśa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• satī: being (so)
• satī: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: as (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ/कृदन्त)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ): satī; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; concessive "being"

Context

"I had no control over myself. I was helpless and my husband was not present when I had to bear the touch of Ravana's limbs. What can I do?

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma recognizes innocence under coercion: moral blame does not attach to the victim of force; truth is maintained by distinguishing consent from violence.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā explains the reality of her abduction and coercion, asserting her helplessness and thus her unimpaired fidelity.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s truthfulness and moral clarity—she defends her integrity without distortion or self-deception.