Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 36

सीताहनूमद्भाषणम्

Sita Tests the Messenger; Hanuman Offers Reassurance

Devanagari script

रामस्य च सखा देवि सुग्रीवो नाम वानरः।राजा वानरमुख्यानां स त्वां कौशलमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

rāmasya ca sakhā devi sugrīvo nāma vānaraḥ | rājā vānaramukhyānāṁ sa tvāṁ kauśalam abravīt ||

Translation

Ô Devi, Sugrīva—vị vānara là bạn của Rāma, vua của các thủ lĩnh vānara—cũng kính hỏi thăm sự an lành của nàng.

Word by Word

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• mahātejāḥ: of great splendor
• mahātejāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (mahā ca tejas ca = ‘greatly brilliant’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of lakṣmaṇaḥ

• sumitrā-nanda-vardhanaḥ: increaser of Sumitra's joy
• sumitrā-nanda-vardhanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sumitrā (प्रातिपदिक) + ānanda (प्रातिपदिक) + vardhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (sumitrāyāḥ ānandaṃ vardhayati iti); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of lakṣmaṇaḥ

• abhivādya: having saluted
• abhivādya: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhivādya (कृदन्त; √vad with abhi)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), ‘having saluted’

• mahābāhuḥ: long-armed; mighty-armed
• mahābāhuḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of saḥ (Lakshmana)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• kauśalam: welfare
• kauśalam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• abravīt: said; asked after
• abravīt: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

"O goddess like lady! Rama's friend Sugriva, king of vanara chieftans inquires about your well-being.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Sītā
• Vānara leaders

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is righteous friendship and duty-bound alliance—Sugrīva honors his bond with Rāma by extending protection and concern to Sītā.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman reports that Rāma’s allies are united; Sugrīva, as king, is actively invested in Sītā’s rescue.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s fidelity to friendship and responsible leadership in supporting a just cause.