Shloka 40

Devanagari script

तां काञ्चनैस्तरुगणैर्मारुतेन च वीजिताम्।किङ्किणीशतनिर्घोषां दृष्ट्वा विस्मयमागमत्।।।।

Transliteration

tāṃ kāñcanais tarugaṇair mārutena ca vījitām |

kiṅkiṇīśatanirghoṣāṃ dṛṣṭvā vismayam āgamat ||

Translation

Thấy nơi ấy được gió mát phe phẩy giữa những hàng cây vàng ròng, vang rền như tiếng leng keng của trăm chiếc chuông nhỏ, Hanumān bỗng tràn ngập kinh ngạc.

Word by Word

• tām: that (one)
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun (सर्वनाम)

• kāñcanaiḥ: with golden
• kāñcanaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāñcana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying tarugaṇaiḥ

• taru-gaṇaiḥ: by groups of trees
• taru-gaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taru (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); तत्पुरुषः: "tarūṇāṃ gaṇaḥ"

• mārutena: by the wind
• mārutena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māruta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• vījitām: fanned
• vījitām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vījita (कृदन्त, √vīj/√vij्; past passive participle)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); PPP, agreeing with tām

• kiṅkiṇī-śata-nirghoṣām: having the clang of a hundred anklets
• kiṅkiṇī-śata-nirghoṣām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kiṅkiṇī (प्रातिपदिक) + śata (प्रातिपदिक) + nirghoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/मध्यमपदलोपी: "kiṅkiṇīśatस्य nirghoṣaḥ" (sound of a hundred anklets)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त, अव्ययभाव), "having seen"

• vismayam: wonder
• vismayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vismaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• āgamat: came upon/experienced
• āgamat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) with ā-
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

Hanuman was wonder-struck to hear the sound produced by rows of golden trees which stood round the simsupa tree. This sound resembled the tinkling of a hundred anklets when the wind passed through (their leaves).

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• wind (Māruta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honest receptivity: wonder is natural, but it must remain subordinate to truth-driven duty—admiration without attachment.

What is the narrative situation?

The wind moving through golden trees creates a bell-like sound; Hanumān notices this marvel while navigating the garden spaces of Laṅkā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Saṃyam (composure): he experiences astonishment yet stays oriented toward his righteous mission of finding Sītā.