Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 10, Shloka 45

रावणान्तःपुरे शयनदर्शनम्

Hanumān Observes Rāvaṇa’s Inner Apartments and Sleeping Court

Devanagari script

काचिदाडम्बरं नारी भुजसंयोगपीडितम्।कृत्वा कमलपत्राक्षी प्रसुप्ता मदमोहिता।।।।

Transliteration

kācid āḍambaraṃ nārī bhuja-saṃyoga-pīḍitam |

kṛtvā kamala-patrākṣī prasuptā mada-mohitā ||

Translation

Có một thiếu phụ mắt như cánh sen, bị men say làm mê mờ, ôm chặt nhạc cụ gọi là āḍambara trong vòng tay rồi thiếp ngủ.

Word by Word

• kācit: a certain (woman)
• kācit: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kacid (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• āḍambaram: a musical instrument (āḍambara)
• āḍambaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āḍambara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• nārī: woman
• nārī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; apposition to kācit

• bhujasaṅyogapīḍitam: pressed tight by her arms
• bhujasaṅyogapīḍitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhuja-saṅyoga-pīḍita (प्रातिपदिक); √pīḍ + kta
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifying āḍambaram; tatpuruṣa: 'bhujasaṅyogena pīḍitam' (pressed by the joining of arms)

• kṛtvā: having made/placed
• kṛtvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), 'having done/made'

• kamalapatrākṣī: lotus-petal-eyed woman
• kamalapatrākṣī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kamala-patra-akṣī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: 'kamalapatra-sadṛśe akṣiṇī yasyāḥ sā'

• prasuptā: asleep
• prasuptā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√svap + kta (धातु-कृदन्त)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• madamohitā: deluded by intoxication
• madamohitā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mada-mohita (प्रातिपदिक); √muh + kta
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'madena mohitā' (deluded by intoxication/passion)

Context

Yet another with her eyes like lotus petals deluded with passion tightly held in her arms a musical instrument known as Adambaram and slept.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān (implied observer)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse suggests the consequences of mada (intoxication/delusion) and, by contrast, upholds dharma as clarity and self-mastery; Hanumān’s satya and duty keep him clear-headed.

What is the narrative situation?

Still searching within the palace quarters, Hanumān observes another woman asleep, tightly holding a musical instrument.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthful purpose and restraint (satya, saṃyama) in Hanumān as he continues the search without ethical lapse.