Shloka 3

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

अथ वैडूर्यवर्णेषु शाद्वलेषु महाबलः।धीरः सलिलकल्पेषु विचचार यथासुखम्।।।।

Transliteration

atha vaiḍūryavarṇeṣu śādvaleṣu mahābalaḥ | dhīraḥ salilakalpeṣu vicacāra yathāsukham ||

Translation

Bấy giờ, bậc đại lực, tâm kiên định, thong dong bước trên những thảm cỏ sắc xanh như lưu ly, ẩm mềm như đầm lầy, tựa những tấm nước trải dài.

Word by Word

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, आरम्भ/अनन्तरवाचक (then/now)

• vaiḍūrya-varṇeṣu: in (places) of vaidurya-like colour
• vaiḍūrya-varṇeṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaiḍūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः = ‘वैडूर्यस्य वर्णः’ (colour of vaidūrya gem)

• śādvaleṣu: on grassy grounds
• śādvaleṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śādvala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• mahā-balaḥ: the mighty one
• mahā-balaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि = ‘महद् बलं यस्य’ (mighty)

• dhīraḥ: steady, calm
• dhīraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृ-विशेषणम्

• salila-kalpeṣu: in (tracts) resembling water
• salila-kalpeṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: salila (प्रातिपदिक) + kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः = ‘सलिलवत् कल्पः’ (like water; water-like)

• vicacāra: moved about
• vicacāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√car (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्; अर्थः ‘विचरितवान्’ (wandered/moved about)

• yathā-sukham: comfortably, at ease
• yathā-sukham: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (indeclinable adverb) = ‘यथासुखम्’ (at ease)

Context

Tawny-hued Hanuman, gifted with extraordinary strength and patience happily strolled on the marshy tracts of grassy land which had the colour of vaidurya.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes inner discipline: Hanumān’s calm movement shows mastery over self, a prerequisite for righteous action under pressure.

What is the narrative situation?

Before the leap, Hanumān surveys and moves about the terrain on the mountain, preparing himself physically and mentally.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dhṛti (steadfast composure): even with immense strength, Hanumān remains controlled and purposeful.