Shloka 112

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

दुष्करं कृतवान्कर्म त्वमिदं वानरोत्तम।निपत्य मम शृङ्गेषु विश्रमस्व यथासुखम्।।।।

Transliteration

duṣkaraṁ kṛtavān karma tvam idaṁ vānarottama | nipatya mama śṛṅgeṣu viśramasva yathāsukham ||

Translation

“Hỡi bậc tối thượng trong loài khỉ, ngươi đã làm nên việc cực kỳ khó. Hãy đáp xuống các đỉnh núi của ta và nghỉ ngơi thong thả theo ý.”

Word by Word

• duṣkaram: difficult, formidable
• duṣkaram: Karma-anuguṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc.,2nd), Ekavacana; karma iti viśeṣaṇam

• kṛtavān: (you) have done, accomplished
• kṛtavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛtavat (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ कृ)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Ktavat (क्तवत्) past active participle; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom.,1st), Ekavacana; kartari prayoga sense 'having done'

• karma: deed, act
• karma: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc.,2nd), Ekavacana

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (Pronoun), Prathamā (Nom.,1st), Ekavacana

• idam: this
• idam: Karma-anuguṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā (Acc.,2nd), Ekavacana; karma iti viśeṣaṇam

• vānarottama: O best of monkeys
• vānarottama: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana; तत्पुरुषः—'वानराणाम् उत्तमः'

• nipatya: having alighted
• nipatya: Kriyā-anuvṛtti (पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु) + ni- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्) form; 'having alighted/fallen down'

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen.,6th), Ekavacana

• śṛṅgeṣu: on the peaks
• śṛṅgeṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śṛṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसakaliṅga, Saptamī (Loc.,7th), Bahuvacana (Plural)

• viśramasva: rest
• viśramasva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śram (धातु) + vi- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (Imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Ekavacana; Ātmanepada

• yathāsukham: comfortably, at ease
• yathāsukham: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva compound used adverbially; 'according to comfort'

Context

"O best of vanaras! you have achieved a formidable deed. Alighting on my peak andcomfortably resting awhile, you may resume your journey.

Characters & Entities

• Maināka
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Ātithya (hospitality) as dharma: offering rest and care to one engaged in a righteous undertaking.

What is the narrative situation?

Maināka directly addresses Hanumān, praising his difficult feat and inviting him to rest on the mountain.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Karuṇā and satkāra (kindness and honor): recognizing effort and offering support.