Shloka 48

हनूमद्विक्रम-प्रशंसा तथा महेन्द्रारोहणम्

Hanuman’s Self-Assertion of Power and Ascent of Mount Mahendra

Devanagari script

निश्श्वसद्भिस्तदाऽर्तैस्तु भुजङ्गैरर्धनि:सृतैः।।4.67.48।।सपताक इवाभाति स तदा धरणीधरः।

Transliteration

niśśvasadbhis tadā’rtaiḥ tu bhujaṅgair ardha-niḥsṛtaiḥ |

sapatāka ivābhāti sa tadā dharaṇīdharaḥ || 4.67.48 ||

Translation

Bấy giờ ngọn núi—kẻ nâng giữ đất—trông như treo đầy cờ xí, vì những đại xà khốn khổ nửa chui ra khỏi khe đá, phì phì rít lên.

Word by Word

• ऋषिभिः: by sages
• ऋषिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural)

• त्राससम्भ्रान्तैः: alarmed and agitated
• त्राससम्भ्रान्तैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रास (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्भ्रान्त (भ्रम् धातु + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण to ऋषिभिः; अर्थः: त्रासेन सम्भ्रान्तैः

• त्यज्यमानः: being abandoned
• त्यज्यमानः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्यज् (धातु) + शानच् (प्रत्यय, कर्मणि)
• Form: शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त (Present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण to शिलोच्चयः

• शिलोच्चयः: mountain/rock-mass
• शिलोच्चयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिला (प्रातिपदिक) + उच्चय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन (Singular)

• सीदन्: sinking/desponding
• सीदन्: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सद् (धातु) + शतृ (प्रत्यय)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण to अध्वगः (upamāna)

• महति: in a great
• महति: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (agreeing with कान्तारे), सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण to कान्तारे

• कान्तारे: in the forest/wilderness
• कान्तारे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कान्तार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular)

• सार्थहीनः: bereft of a caravan
• सार्थहीनः: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सार्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण to अध्वगः; अर्थः: सार्थेन हीनः

• इव: like
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• अध्वगः: traveller
• अध्वगः: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); उपमान

Context

The alarmed and agitated sages abandonned the mountain peaks.The mountain appeared like a lone traveller separated from the caravan in the great forest.

Characters & Entities

• Mountain (dharaṇīdhara; Mahendra by context)
• Serpents (bhujaṅgas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse points to compassionate awareness: mighty actions unsettle vulnerable beings; righteousness includes mindful restraint and necessity-based force.

What is the narrative situation?

The mountain’s crevices open and serpents, alarmed, half-emerge and hiss, creating the visual of flag-like markers.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Purposeful intensity—Hanumān’s imminent leap is so powerful that it transforms the landscape’s appearance.