Shloka 30

हनूमद्विक्रम-प्रशंसा तथा महेन्द्रारोहणम्

Hanuman’s Self-Assertion of Power and Ascent of Mount Mahendra

Devanagari script

तमेवं वानरश्रेष्ठं गर्जन्तममितौजसम्।।4.67.30।।प्रहृष्टा हरयस्तत्र समुदैक्षन्त विस्मिताः।

Transliteration

tam evaṃ vānaraśreṣṭhaṃ garjantam amitaujasam | prahṛṣṭā harayas tatra samudaikṣanta vismitāḥ || 4.67.30 ||

Translation

Như vậy, họ nhìn vị vượn tối thượng ấy—gầm vang, oai lực vô lượng; bầy khỉ nơi đó hân hoan, sững sờ dõi theo.

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• evam: thus, in that way
• evam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable), manner-adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

• vānara-śreṣṭham: the best of monkeys
• vānara-śreṣṭham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): vānareṣu śreṣṭhaḥ → vānaraśreṣṭhaḥ

• garjantam: roaring
• garjantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: garj (धातु)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle/शतृ), Parasmaipada; Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; धातु: गर्‍ജ् (to roar)

• amita-ojasam: of immeasurable might
• amita-ojasam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: amita (प्रातिपदिक) + ojas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः: amitam ojaḥ yasya/tad → amitaujas (of immeasurable vigor)

• prahṛṣṭāḥ: delighted
• prahṛṣṭāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-hṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-विशेषण)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana; भूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त): प्र+हृष् → प्रहृष्ट (delighted)

• harayaḥ: the monkeys
• harayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, deictic adverb of place (देशवाचक अव्यय)

• samudaikṣanta: looked up/at (him)
• samudaikṣanta: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ud-īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/past), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Bahuvacana; धातु: ईक्ष् (to see) with upasargas सम्+उद्

• vismitāḥ: astonished
• vismitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vismita (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-विशेषण)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana; भूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त): वि+स्मि → विस्मित (astonished)

Context

The monkeys looked at him and were amazed, happy to see him roaring and shining in brilliance.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• vanaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is communal support for righteous action: the group’s joy and wonder reinforce the chosen agent of the mission.

What is the narrative situation?

After Hanuman’s declarations, the vanaras observe his energized, roaring presence and are reassured.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tejas (radiant vigor) that inspires others—leadership through presence and courage.