Shloka 19

अङ्गद

उपदेशः — Hanuman’s Counsel to Angada on Succession and Strategy

Devanagari script

न च जातु न हिंस्युस्त्वां घोरा लक्ष्मणसायकाः ।अपवृत्तं जिघांसन्तो महावेगा दुरासदाः ।। ।।

Transliteration

na ca jātu na hiṃsyus tvāṃ ghorā lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ |

apavṛttaṃ jighāṃsanto mahāvegā durāsadāḥ || 4.54.19 ||

Translation

Mũi tên ghê gớm của Lakṣmaṇa chẳng bao giờ trượt khỏi ngươi—nhanh như gió, không gì cưỡng nổi; hễ ngươi quay lưng bỏ chạy, chúng sẽ nhắm kẻ đào thoát mà giết.

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• jātu: ever
• jātu: Kāla (काल/temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: jātu (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time) — 'ever/at any time'

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• hiṃsyuḥ: would harm
• hiṃsyuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hiṃs (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद — 'would harm'

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ghorāḥ: terrible
• ghorāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — विशेषणम्

• lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ: Lakshmana's arrows
• lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — तत्पुरुषः: lakṣmaṇasya sāyakāḥ (Lakshmana's arrows)

• apavṛttam: one who has turned away (fleeing)
• apavṛttam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apavṛtta (कृदन्त, क्त from apa√vṛt)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; 'one who has turned away/fled'

• jighāṃsantaḥ: desiring to kill
• jighāṃsantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Agent; participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (धातु)
• Form: सन्नन्त (desiderative) धातु jighāṃs- (< han) + शतृ (present participle); प्रथमा (Nom), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — 'wishing to kill'

• mahāvegāḥ: of great speed
• mahāvegāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — कर्मधारयः: mahān vegaḥ yeṣām (of great speed)

• durāsadāḥ: hard to resist/assail
• durāsadāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur (उपसर्ग/प्रातिपदिक) + āsada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — तत्पुरुषः: duḥ + āsada (hard to approach/assail)

Context

In Progress

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• sāyaka (arrows)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma stresses accountability: abandoning one’s pledged duty (apavṛtti) invites grave consequences; steadfastness and truth to one’s commitment are upheld.

What is the narrative situation?

The counsellor heightens the deterrent: if Aṅgada attempts to withdraw/defect, Lakṣmaṇa’s force will be inescapable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness—remaining aligned with rightful duty rather than turning away out of fear or convenience.