Shloka 21

दक्षिणदिशि सीतान्वेषण-आदेशः

Commissioning the Southern Search for Sītā

Devanagari script

ततस्समुद्रमासाद्य सम्प्रधार्यार्थनिश्चयम्।अगस्त्येनान्तरे तत्र सागरे विनिवेशितः।।4.41.20।।चित्रनानानगः श्रीमान्महेन्द्र: पर्वतोत्तमः।जातरूपमयः श्रीमानवगाढो महार्णवम्।।4.41.21।।

Transliteration

citranānānagaḥ śrīmān mahendraḥ parvatottamaḥ |

jātarūpamayaḥ śrīmān avagāḍho mahārṇavam ||

Translation

Núi Mahendra tối thượng ấy, rực rỡ với muôn loài cây sắc màu, huy hoàng như thể đúc bằng vàng, sừng sững vinh quang và đâm sâu xuống đại hải mênh mông.

Word by Word

• nānāvidhaiḥ: of various kinds
• nānāvidhaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nānāvidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (nagaiḥ)

• nagaiḥ: with trees
• nagaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; अत्र 'वृक्ष' अर्थे

• sarvaiḥ: with all
• sarvaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (nagaiḥ)

• latābhiḥ: with creepers/vines
• latābhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: latā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय: समुच्चय (conjunction: and)

• upaśobhitam: beautified, adorned
• upaśobhitam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upa-śubh (धातु) + kta (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (parvata/dvīpa etc., implied)

• devarṣi-yakṣa-pravaraiḥ: by eminent divine sages and yakṣas
• devarṣi-yakṣa-pravaraiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devarṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + pravara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समाहार/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः (excellent among devarṣis and yakṣas)

• apsarobhiḥ: by apsarases
• apsarobhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: apsaras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय: समुच्चय (and)

• sevitam: frequented, inhabited
• sevitam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sev (धातु) + kta (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (place/mountain)

• siddha-cāraṇa-saṅghaiḥ: by groups of siddhas and cāraṇas
• siddha-cāraṇa-saṅghaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siddha (प्रातिपदिक) + cāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅgha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (siddhānāṃ cāraṇānāṃ saṅghaiḥ)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय: समुच्चय (and)

• prakīrṇam: spread about, scattered
• prakīrṇam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-kṝ (धातु) + kta (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• samanoramam: very delightful
• samanoramam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग-प्रायः) + manorama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (very charming)

• tam: that (place/mountain)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (refers to the mountain/place)

• upaiti: approaches, visits
• upaiti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-i (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• sahasrākṣaḥ: Sahasrākṣa (Indra)
• sahasrākṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra (प्रातिपदिक) + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (sahasram akṣāṇi yasya = thousand-eyed) इन्द्र-नाम

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय: कालवाचक (always)

• parvasu: on festival days
• parvasu: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), बहुवचन; पर्व-कालेषु (on festival/holy days)

• parvasu: on each such occasion
• parvasu: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; पुनरुक्ति (emphatic repetition)

Context

'Then on reaching the sea shore, decide the course of action. Sage Agastya has set up (between the moat of the city and and the sea) a glorious golden mountain Mahendra. Filled with colourful trees, it stretches into the sea.

Characters & Entities

• Mahendra (mountain)
• Mahārṇava (great ocean/sea)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is supported by right orientation: knowing sacred and geographic landmarks helps a righteous mission proceed without confusion or wasteful wandering.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva describes Mt. Mahendra near/within the ocean as a notable point in the southern route of the search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Leadership through clear guidance—Sugriva equips his team with concrete knowledge for success.