Shloka 8

पूर्वदिशि सीतामार्गण-नियोगः

Deployment to the Eastern Quarter for the Search of Sita

Devanagari script

यन्मन्यसे नरव्याघ्र प्राप्तकालं तदुच्यताम्।तत्सैन्यं त्वद्वशे युक्तमाज्ञापयितुमर्हसि।।4.40.8।।

Transliteration

yan manyase naravyāghra prāptakālaṃ tad ucyatām |

tat sainyaṃ tvadvaśe yuktaṃ ājñāpayitum arhasi || 4.40.8 ||

Translation

Hỡi bậc hổ giữa loài người, xin hãy nói rõ điều ngài cho là thời điểm thích hợp để hành động. Đạo quân ấy đã sẵn sàng dưới quyền ngài; ngài xứng đáng ban bố mệnh lệnh.

Word by Word

• yat: what/that which
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (pronoun/सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); correlating with 'tat'

• manyase: you think
• manyase: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √man (मन्) (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्/Laṭ), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• naravyāghra: O tiger among men
• naravyāghra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara-vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक; नर + व्याघ्र)
• Form: Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); Tatpuruṣa: 'tiger among men'

• prāptakālam: the proper time
• prāptakālam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāpta-kāla (प्रातिपदिक; प्राप्त + काल)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); Karmadhāraya: 'proper time/opportune moment'

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• ucyatām: let it be said/told
• ucyatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच्) (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्/Loṭ), Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• tat: that/this
• tat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma used adjectivally, Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• sainyam: army
• sainyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• tvadvaśe: under your control
• tvadvaśe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad-vaśa (प्रातिपदिक; त्वद् + वश)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa: 'in your control/under your command'

• yuktam: fit/ready
• yuktam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta (प्रातिपदिक; √yuj (युज्) + क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with 'sainyam'

• ājñāpayitum: to command/order
• ājñāpayitum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√jñā (ज्ञा) (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्/tumun)

• arhasi: you ought/are able
• arhasi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √arh (अर्ह्) (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्/Laṭ), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

'O tiger among men! announce the proper time for action. This army is at your command. Command them.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Vanara army (sainya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as timely action: when the right time has come, a leader must speak clearly and command decisively for the common good.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa urges Sugriva to announce the time for action and deploy the ready forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Decisive leadership and responsibility over entrusted resources.