Shloka 40

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः सुग्रीवप्रबोधनं च

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Summoning of Sugriva

Devanagari script

ते महौघनिभं दृष्ट्वा वज्राशनिसमस्वनम्।सिंहनादं समं चक्रुर्लक्ष्मणस्य समीपतः।।

Transliteration

tē mahaughanibhaṃ dṛṣṭvā vajrāśanisamasvanam | siṃhanādaṃ samaṃ cakrur lakṣmaṇasya samīpataḥ ||

Translation

Thấy Lakṣmaṇa tiến đến như dòng lũ lớn, họ liền áp sát, đồng thanh gầm vang bên ngài—tiếng ầm ầm như sét đánh, như tiếng sư tử rống.

Word by Word

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular

• śabdena: sound
• śabdena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3), Singular

• mahatā: great
• mahatā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3), Singular; qualifies śabdena

• pratyabudhyata: awoke
• pratyabudhyata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-√budh (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्/Imperfect), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular

• vānaraḥ: the monkey
• vānaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular

• mada-vihvala-tāmrākṣaḥ: red-eyed, reeling from intoxication
• mada-vihvala-tāmrākṣaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mada (प्रातिपदिक) + vihvala (प्रातिपदिक) + tāmra (प्रातिपदिक) + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa chain: 'madena vihvalāḥ tāmra-akṣāḥ yasya', Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular; qualifies vānaraḥ

• vyākula-srag-vibhūṣaṇaḥ: with garlands and ornaments in disarray
• vyākula-srag-vibhūṣaṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyākula (प्रातिपदिक) + sraj (प्रातिपदिक) + vibhūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: 'vyākulā sraṅ-vibhūṣaṇāni yasya', Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular; qualifies vānaraḥ

Context

They saw Lakshmana advancing like a mighty flood and went near him making sounds like the thunderbolt or a lion.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• monkeys (vānarāḥ, implied by 'they')

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores the moral weight of righteous enforcement: when dharma is neglected, corrective action arrives with overwhelming force, symbolized by Lakṣmaṇa’s flood-like approach.

What is the narrative situation?

Monkeys perceive Lakṣmaṇa approaching the inner quarters; they react by closing in while making loud, intimidating cries.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s resolute courage and unwavering sense of duty to Rāma’s mission are highlighted through powerful similes.