Shloka 29

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः सुग्रीवप्रबोधनं च

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Summoning of Sugriva

Devanagari script

स दीर्घोष्णमहोच्छवासः कोपसंरक्तलोचनः।।बभूव नरशार्दूल स्सधूम इव पावकः।

Transliteration

sa dīrghoṣṇamahocchvāsaḥ kopasaṃraktalocanaḥ | babhūva naraśārdūlaḥ sadhūma iva pāvakaḥ ||

Translation

Chàng hổ giữa loài người ấy thở ra những hơi dài nóng rực, đôi mắt đỏ ngầu vì phẫn nộ; trông tựa ngọn lửa bốc lên, quấn quanh làn khói mờ.

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• dīrgha-uṣṇa-maha-ucchvāsaḥ: with long, hot, heavy breaths
• dīrgha-uṣṇa-maha-ucchvāsaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīrgha (प्रातिपदिक) + uṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + maha (प्रातिपदिक) + ucchvāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुपद-कर्मधारयः (dīrghaś ca uṣṇaś ca mahān ca ucchvāsaḥ = long, hot, great breath/sigh)

• kopa-saṃrakta-locanaḥ: with eyes reddened by anger
• kopa-saṃrakta-locanaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kopa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃrakta (कृदन्त; sam- + √rañj (धातु) + क्त) + locana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (kopena saṃraktāni locanāni yasya = whose eyes are reddened by anger)

• babhūva: became/appeared
• babhūva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• nara-śārdūlaḥ: tiger among men
• nara-śārdūlaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + śārdūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (narāṇāṃ śārdūlaḥ = tiger among men)

• sa-dhūmaḥ: smoking, with smoke
• sa-dhūmaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (प्रातिपदिक/उपपद) + dhūma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (dhūmena saha = with smoke/smoking)

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमानार्थक-निपात (particle of comparison): ‘like/as’

• pāvakaḥ: fire
• pāvakaḥ: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Context

Sighing hot, deep breath, eyes turned red in anger, this tiger among men appeared like fire with smoke (The sigh was smoke and red eyes, fire).

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Even righteous anger is a powerful force; dharma requires that such fire be directed toward justice, not uncontrolled harm.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa’s fury becomes visibly intense as he confronts the consequences of Sugrīva’s delay.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral intensity in defense of truth and duty—paired with the implied need for restraint.