Shloka 36

प्रस्रवणगिरिवासवर्णनम्

Residence on Mount Prasravana; Counsel during the Rains

Devanagari script

भवान्क्रियापरो लोके भवान् देवपरायणः।आस्तिको धर्मशीलश्च व्यवसायी च राघव4.27.35।।न ह्यव्यवसितश्शत्रुं राक्षसं तं विशेषतः।समर्थस्त्वं रणे हन्तुं विक्रमैर्जिह्मकारिणम्4.27.36।।

Transliteration

na hy avyavasitaś śatruṃ rākṣasaṃ taṃ viśeṣataḥ | samarthas tvaṃ raṇe hantuṃ vikramair jihmakāriṇam || 4.27.36 ||

Translation

Vì nếu không có quyết tâm vững chắc, ngài sẽ không thể giết được kẻ thù trong chiến trận—nhất là tên rākṣasa ấy—kẻ dùng mưu kế quanh co, dẫu ngài có dũng lực đến đâu.

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)

• avyavasitaḥ: one without resolve/enterprise
• avyavasitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-vyavasita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• śatrum: enemy
• śatrum: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• rākṣasam: the demon
• rākṣasam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; शत्रुम् इत्यस्य विशेषण-रूपेण (appositional)

• tam: that (him)
• tam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• viśeṣataḥ: especially
• viśeṣataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: viśeṣatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• samarthaḥ: capable
• samarthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samartha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• hantum: to slay
• hantum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), कर्तृ/कर्म-सम्बन्धे (to do: 'to slay')

• vikramaiḥ: with valour/heroic prowess
• vikramaiḥ: Karana (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• jihma-kāriṇam: crooked-acting
• jihma-kāriṇam: Karma (कर्म/object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jihma (प्रातिपदिक) + kārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय-प्रायः: 'jihmaḥ kārī' = crooked-doing); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; शत्रुम्/राक्षसम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Context

'Root out sorrow. Be daring. Be firm in resolve. (Only) then can you destroy the demon and his family.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Ravana (implied as the rākṣasa enemy)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in conflict requires disciplined resolve; moral purpose must be matched by steady effort to confront deceit and injustice.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa argues that mere bravery is insufficient against a cunning foe like the rākṣasa king; Rāma must regain determination.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vyavasāya (resolute enterprise): sustained, intelligent action rather than emotional collapse.