Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 39

पितृमरणश्रवणं जलक्रिया च

Hearing of Daśaratha’s death and the libation rites at Mandākinī

Devanagari script

भ्रातृ़णां त्वरितास्ते तु द्रष्टुकामा स‌मागमम्।ययुर्बहुविधैर्यानै: खुरनेमिस्वनाकुलैः।।।।

Transliteration

bhrātṝṇāṃ tvaritās te tu draṣṭukāmāḥ samāgamam |

yayur bahuvidhair yānaiḥ khuranēmisvanākulaiḥ ||

Translation

Vội vã muốn được chứng kiến cuộc hội ngộ của các hoàng đệ, họ lên đường bằng muôn loại xe cộ, vang dậy tiếng vó ngựa và tiếng bánh xe rền rĩ.

Word by Word

• भ्रातॄणाम्: of (their) brothers
• भ्रातॄणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• त्वरिताः: hastened, in haste
• त्वरिताः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरित (कृदन्त; √त्वर् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त/क्त (Past passive participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेषण (adjectival)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात/समुच्चय-भेदक (particle: but/indeed)

• द्रष्टुकामाः: wishing to see
• द्रष्टुकामाः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्रष्टु-काम (प्रातिपदिक; द्रष्टु = √दृश् तुमुनन्त, काम = प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (उपपद-तत्पुरुष: द्रष्टुं कामः), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेषण

• समागमम्: meeting, reunion
• समागमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समागम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• ययुः: went
• ययुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परिपूर्णभूत (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• बहुविधैः: by various kinds of
• बहुविधैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहुविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (बहवः विधाः यस्य), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण

• यानैः: with vehicles
• यानैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

• खुरनेमिस्वनाकुलैः: with (vehicles) filled with the sound of hooves and wheels
• खुरनेमिस्वनाकुलैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: खुर-नेमि-स्वन-आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुष-समास (खुराणां नेमीनां च स्वनैः आकुल = filled with the sounds of hooves and wheels), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण (यानैः इति विशेष्य)

Context

Eager to see the union of brothers, all those people went by every sort of vehicle filled with the sounds of hooves and wheels.

Characters & Entities

• Brothers (Rama, Bharata, Lakshmana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as collective participation in righteous events: people recognize that the brothers’ reunion has moral and political significance for the kingdom.

What is the narrative situation?

The crowd moves swiftly, with audible commotion from transport, toward the place of meeting.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Communal solidarity: the community gathers around the restoration of harmony among the heirs.