Shloka 10

सीतावियोगे रामस्य विलापः

Rama’s Lament and Inquiry on Sita’s Disappearance

Devanagari script

यदि मामाश्रमगतं वैदेही नाभिभाषते।पुनः प्रहसिता सीता विनशिष्यामि लक्ष्मण।।।।

Transliteration

yadi mām āśrama-gataṃ vaidehī nābhibhāṣate | punaḥ prahasitā sītā vinaśiṣyāmi lakṣmaṇa ||

Translation

Nếu khi ta trở về am thất mà Vaidehī—Sītā với nụ cười hiền hòa—không còn nói với ta nữa, hỡi Lakṣmaṇa, ta sẽ diệt vong.

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• यदि: सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्यय

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of abhibhāṣate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आश्रमगतम्: (me) returned to the hermitage
• आश्रमगतम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of माम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आश्रम + गत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘आश्रमं गतः’ (gone to the hermitage) qualifying माम्

• वैदेही: Vaidehi
• वैदेही: कर्ता (Karta/Subject of abhibhāṣate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• अभिभाषते: speaks to
• अभिभाषते: क्रिया (Condition clause)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + भाष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: पुनरावृत्ति-वाचक-अव्यय

• प्रहसिता: smiling
• प्रहसिता: विशेषण (Qualifier of सीता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + हस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘smiling’ (epithet of सीता)

• सीता: Sita
• सीता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject of implied response; topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विनशिष्यामि: I will perish
• विनशिष्यामि: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + नश् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मण: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

I will die if Sita, princess from Videha, is not there to speak to me with her sweet smile when I return to the cottage, O Lakshmana !

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)
• āśrama (hermitage)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes steadfast commitment in relationships: Rāma’s words show the depth of marital devotion and the ethical seriousness with which he holds his bond with Sītā.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma, seeing Lakṣmaṇa without Sītā, imagines returning to the āśrama and not finding her presence and speech.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fidelity and heartfelt attachment—Rāma’s unwavering emotional bond with Sītā.