Shloka 12

सीताया रावणनिन्दा — अशोकवनिकाप्रवेशः

Sita’s Rebuke of Ravana; Removal to the Ashoka Grove

Devanagari script

गतायुस्त्वं गतश्रीको गतसत्त्व गतेन्द्रियः।लङ्का वैधव्यसंयुक्ता त्वत्कृतेन भविष्यति।।।।

Transliteration

gatāyus tvaṃ gataśrīko gatasattva gatendriyaḥ |

laṅkā vaidhavyasaṃyuktā tvatkṛtena bhaviṣyati ||

Translation

Sinh mệnh ngươi đã tàn; vinh quang sẽ rời bỏ; sức lực sẽ suy, các căn sẽ rối loạn. Vì hành vi của ngươi, Laṅkā sẽ thành xứ sở đầy những góa phụ.

Word by Word

• gatāyuḥ: with life gone
• gatāyuḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of ‘tvaṃ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata-āyus (कृदन्त + प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘gata’ = क्त (past passive participle) from √gam; āyus (नपुंसक) as second member; karmadhāraya ‘whose life has gone’

• tvaṃ: you
• tvaṃ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/स्त्री (2nd person pronoun), प्रथमा, एकवचन

• gataśrīkaḥ: bereft of fortune
• gataśrīkaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘tvaṃ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata-śrīka (कृदन्त + प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘gata’ (क्त from √gam) + śrī (स्त्री) with -ka; ‘deprived of fortune’

• gatasattvaḥ: with strength gone
• gatasattvaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘tvaṃ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata-sattva (कृदन्त + प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘strength/courage gone’

• gatendriyaḥ: with senses lost
• gatendriyaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘tvaṃ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata-indriya (कृदन्त + प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘senses gone/failed’

• laṅkā: Lanka
• laṅkā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: laṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vaidhavyasaṃyuktā: joined with widowhood
• vaidhavyasaṃyuktā: Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘laṅkā’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaidhavya-saṃyukta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; tatpuruṣa: vaidhavya (नपुंसक ‘widowhood’) + saṃyukta (क्त from √yuj ‘joined’); agrees with laṅkā

• tvatkṛtena: by your deed
• tvatkṛtena: Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु-Instrument/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvat-kṛta (कृदन्त + सर्वनाम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; tatpuruṣa: tvat (yusmad-षष्ठीभाव) + kṛta (क्त from √kṛ) = ‘done by you’; instrumental of cause

• bhaviṣyati: will become
• bhaviṣyati: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

Your life is coming to an end. Your fortunes will wane, your strength will be sapped. Your senses will be dissipated. By your deeds Lanka will attain widowhood.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma brings collective ruin: a ruler’s wrongdoing does not remain private—it devastates families and society (symbolized by ‘widowhood’ in Laṅkā).

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā foretells the consequences of Rāvaṇa’s abduction of her: his downfall and the suffering of Laṅkā’s people.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral discernment and truth: Sītā speaks with ethical certainty about the inevitable consequences of unrighteous action.