Shloka 3

Devanagari script

न व्यपत्रपसे नीच कर्मणानेन रावण।ज्ञात्वा विरहितां यन्मां चोरयित्वा पलायसे।।3.53.3।।

Transliteration

na vyapatrapase nīca karmaṇānena rāvaṇa |

jñātvā virahitāṃ yan māṃ corayitvā palāyase ||3.53.3||

Translation

Hỡi Rāvaṇa hèn hạ, ngươi chẳng biết hổ thẹn sao trước việc làm này: biết ta đang xa lìa người che chở, vậy mà ngươi trộm cướp ta rồi bỏ chạy?

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• व्यपत्रपसे: are (you) ashamed
• व्यपत्रपसे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-apa-√trap (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘to feel shame’

• नीच: O low one
• नीच: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nīca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• कर्मणा: by the act/deed
• कर्मणा: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• अनेन: by this
• अनेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• रावण: O Rāvaṇa
• रावण: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jñā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्यय; ‘having known’

• विरहिताम्: separated, helpless
• विरहिताम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: virahita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘separated (from protector)’

• यत्: when/that
• यत्: Sambandha-sūcaka (सम्बन्धसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्धक-अव्यय/यत्-शब्दः (relative particle introducing clause)

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• चोरयित्वा: having stolen/abducted
• चोरयित्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √cur (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive) with causative stem (णिच्): चोरयित्-; अव्यय; ‘having stolen’

• पलायसे: you flee
• पलायसे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √palāy (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

Sita, daughter of Videha, full of sorrow and fear under Ravana's grip uttered these partly harsh and partly piteous words-weeping.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma condemns cowardly harm and theft—especially exploiting someone’s vulnerability. Sītā frames abduction as adharma because it is done by deceit and flight rather than honorable conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

During Sītā’s abduction in the forest, she directly reproaches Rāvaṇa for kidnapping her when she is separated from Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s moral courage and commitment to righteousness: even in fear she speaks truthfully, condemning wrongdoing without compromise.