Shloka 32

सीतारावणसंवादः

Ravana Reveals Himself; Sita Affirms Rama’s Dharma

Devanagari script

रावणेनैवमुक्ता तु कुपिता जनकात्मजा।प्रत्युवाचानवद्याङ्गी तमनादृत्य राक्षसम्।।3.47.32।।

Transliteration

rāvaṇenaivam uktā tu kupitā janakātmajā | pratyuvāca anavadyāṅgī tam anādṛtya rākṣasam || 3.47.32 ||

Translation

Nghe Rāvaṇa nói như vậy, ái nữ của vua Janaka—dung nghi vô tỳ vết—liền nổi giận, khinh thị tên rākṣasa ấy mà đáp lời.

Word by Word

• रावणेन: by Ravana
• रावणेन: कर्ता (Agent in passive/Instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (masc), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• एवम्: thus/in this way
• एवम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (manner adverb)

• उक्ता: having been spoken to
• उक्ता: कर्मणि-प्रयोगे कर्म (Patient as grammatical subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु); उक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• तु: but
• तु: निपात (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (contrast)

• कुपिता: angered
• कुपिता: जनकात्मजा इति विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुपित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past participle) used adjectivally; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• जनकात्मजा: Janaka's daughter
• जनकात्मजा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: जनकस्य आत्मजा; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• प्रत्युवाच: replied
• प्रत्युवाच: क्रिया (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति + वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• अनवद्याङ्गी: she whose limbs are flawless
• अनवद्याङ्गी: जनकात्मजा इति विशेषण (Appositional epithet)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनवद्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्गिन्/अङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास: अनवद्यानि अङ्गानि यस्याः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग (masc), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• अनादृत्य: disregarding
• अनादृत्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अन्- (निषेध) + आ + दृ (धातु); आदृत्य (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) with negation prefix; ‘without respecting’ अर्थे

• राक्षसम्: the demon
• राक्षसम्: तम् इति विशेषण (Apposition to 'तम्')
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (masc), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

Context

Thus addressed by Ravana, Janaki, a lady of blemishless limbs, got enraged and replied without caring for the demon:

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā (Jānakī/Janakātmajā)
• rākṣasa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Moral courage in the face of wrongdoing: Sītā refuses to dignify adharma with compliance or fear, preparing to answer from the standpoint of righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāvaṇa’s seductive promises, Sītā becomes angry and begins her firm rebuttal.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearless self-respect and principled speech: she does not flatter or appease the aggressor, but responds with clarity and strength.